Sexual and Reproductive Health

A groundbreaking new study has challenged decades-old assumptions about men’s sexual health, showing that even slightly elevated blood sugar—well below diabetic levels—can significantly impair sexual function and sperm mobility. The findings, which upend the notion that age or testosterone alone drive male sexual decline, have special implications for Thai men amid rising rates of metabolic disorder and changing lifestyles nationwide.

For years, it was widely believed that reduced libido, erectile challenges, and compromised sperm quality in men naturally came with aging or declining testosterone. However, the international team led by physicians at University Hospital in Münster, Germany, has demonstrated that subtle metabolic changes—marked primarily by the HbA1c blood sugar test—correlate far more closely with sexual health decline than either age or testosterone levelsScience Daily. The study, known as FAME 2.0, followed nearly 200 healthy men aged 18-85 in a rigorous six-year analysis ending in 2020, excluding any participants with diabetes, heart disease, or cancer to isolate the effects of modest (pre-diabetic) blood sugar elevation.

A new wave of research is challenging long-held beliefs about men’s sexual well-being, revealing that even slightly elevated blood sugar levels—far below the traditional diabetes threshold—can quietly disrupt erectile function and sperm health. The findings, which stem from a six-year study recently presented at the Endocrine Society’s ENDO 2025 conference and published by sources including ScienceDaily and Neuroscience News, suggest lifestyle choices affecting blood sugar control play a far more significant role in men’s sexual vitality than previously recognised.

A new international study has revealed that even modest increases in blood sugar levels—not just advanced diabetes—can have a significant negative impact on men’s sexual health as they age, shifting the traditional understanding of male reproductive well-being. The latest findings, presented at the Endocrine Society’s ENDO 2025 annual meeting in San Francisco, spotlight metabolic health, especially mild hyperglycemia, as a key driver in changes to sexual functioning among men, offering a new roadmap for prevention and intervention.

A growing body of research is shedding light on long-held misunderstandings about female sexual health, debunking myths from urinary tract infections (UTIs) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) to challenges surrounding menopause. These findings, many led by hospitals and research institutions in Asia, highlight the critical need for education and open discourse—issues that are especially relevant in Thailand, where taboos around sex education and women’s health persist.

In a recent 2024 study by Singapore’s KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital (KKH), over half of participating women aged 21–45 admitted they could not identify symptoms of common female sexual health conditions, despite acknowledging the importance of awareness and education. Alarmingly, only 43% said they would seek medical help if they encountered such issues. Compounding the problem, a parallel survey of healthcare professionals treating women of reproductive age found that more than 8 out of 10 lacked awareness of screening tools, and only around 1 in 10 felt confident diagnosing or managing female sexual health complaints (CNA Lifestyle).

A growing body of research highlights that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can have profound and often overlooked effects on sexual health and intimate relationships, affecting millions of women globally — including many in Thailand. Experts are calling for a more holistic approach to PCOS care, integrating medical treatment, psychological support, and open dialogue between partners to address these sensitive challenges.

PCOS is a common hormonal disorder marked by irregular menstrual cycles, increased levels of androgens (male hormones), and cysts on the ovaries. While much focus has traditionally been given to its physical symptoms — such as menstrual irregularity, acne, and unwanted hair growth — a recent report from the Indian Express draws attention to the significant and often hidden burdens that PCOS places on a woman’s sex life and emotional well-being (Indian Express).

The struggle to access contraception in the United States has become more difficult in recent years, prompting advocates in New York to devise novel solutions such as vending machines dispensing Plan B pills and other over-the-counter products on university campuses. As the national landscape of reproductive rights continues to shift—especially in the wake of clinic closures and new legal hurdles—New York’s approach offers fresh hope and urgent lessons for other regions, including Thailand, where access to reproductive healthcare is an ongoing concern.

A recent study has detected microplastics in the reproductive fluids of both men and women, sparking global discussion about the potential consequences for fertility and reproductive health. Presented at the 41st Annual Meeting of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE), this research represents one of the first times microplastic contamination has been systematically documented in ovarian follicular fluid and semen, shifting the spotlight from environmental and dietary exposure toward intimate human biological systems. The findings urge both the scientific community and the public to reflect on the far-reaching impact of plastic pollution and what it could mean for future generations, including here in Thailand.

A sweeping review of over 150 scientific publications spanning nearly three decades has spotlighted critical gaps in how men’s involvement in family planning is understood and studied across 23 African nations. The research, led by a team of demographers, reproductive health experts, and population scientists, raises fresh questions about how health systems worldwide—including in Thailand—should rethink the role of men in shaping reproductive choices and outcomes. The findings suggest that involving men meaningfully in family planning discussions and programmes is not only essential for gender equity but also for the long-term success of reproductive health initiatives (The Conversation).

A leading Indian sexologist has recently spotlighted the “extra time condom”—often marketed as prolonging sexual performance—as central to one of the most destructive myths about sex, urging people to stop believing that long-duration intercourse equates to sexual health or satisfaction. The expert’s warning, highlighted in a recent health report, adds to a growing chorus of medical voices pushing back against profit-driven misconceptions in sexual wellness (Hindustan Times).

This revelation resonates deeply in Thailand, a society navigating rapid modernization, shifting attitudes on sexuality, and rising interest in sexual health education. Thai consumers, like peers throughout Asia, are regularly exposed to aggressive advertising for “performance enhancing” products, including condoms promising to delay ejaculation. The implications are significant: not only do such myths create unrealistic expectations, but they may also foster anxiety, poor self-esteem, and unsafe sexual practices.

A growing body of research is shining a spotlight on so-called “superfoods”—such as honey, oysters, watermelon, ginger, and ginseng—for their potential benefits to male sexual health and fertility. According to a recent biochemical review published in the journal Current Research in Food Science, these foods may promote testosterone production, sperm quality, and erectile function, providing a natural alternative to pharmaceutical treatments and bringing renewed hope for men seeking to enhance their reproductive well-being (Physicians Weekly).

As debates about reproductive rights continue to escalate worldwide, a new wave of research and policy analysis has spotlighted misoprostol—an abortion pill that has transformed safe abortion access in countries with restrictive laws and limited access to healthcare. Originally introduced as an ulcer medication, misoprostol is now at the heart of struggles for reproductive autonomy across the globe, including in Brazil, the United States, and increasingly, Thailand. The ongoing worldwide conversation about this medication is not just about clinical guidelines, but also about access, stigma, and the right to information—issues profoundly resonant for Thai society.

A dramatic new wave of research suggests global fertility rates are in unprecedented decline, with millions of people around the world struggling to have the number of children they desire—often not because of changing attitudes, but because of mounting social and economic obstacles. Recent studies—including a large survey conducted by the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)—show that in both high- and middle-income countries, including Thailand, the costs of parenthood, job insecurity, insufficient welfare support, environmental anxieties, and evolving cultural priorities are driving birth rates to historic lows Time, BBC, Al Jazeera.

A new population-based study has revealed a strong link between colorectal cancer (CRC) in women and a wide range of adverse sexual and reproductive health conditions, with the risks most pronounced among women diagnosed before the age of 40. The research, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute on June 1, underscores the need for greater awareness and comprehensive post-cancer care for female CRC survivors—a topic that has often been overlooked in Thailand and worldwide.

As Thai society rapidly ages, understanding menopause and its effects on women’s health and wellbeing is more critical than ever. Recent research from the Mayo Clinic, highlighted in its podcast “Aging Forward,” sheds new light on the complexities of perimenopause, menopause, and post-menopausal life—areas increasingly relevant to millions of Thai women aged 45 and above and their families. Experts stress that recognizing, discussing, and effectively treating physical, emotional, and sexual health changes can lead to a thriving, empowered midlife for women.

A new wave of research is bringing renewed attention to the physical, mental, and sexual health of women navigating midlife, with experts highlighting the importance of a holistic approach to menopause and wellness. Recent findings shared by Mayo Clinic underscore that as women reach their 40s and 50s, comprehensive healthcare and informed lifestyle choices can make menopause a transformative, thriving stage rather than a period marked by decline or discomfort (Mayo Clinic Healthy Aging).

A powerful new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine has shone a harsh spotlight on the declining state of women’s health in the United States, raising urgent questions about medical research funding and health inequities that hold major implications for women and girls globally, including in Thailand. Despite the nation’s wealth and medical advancements, American women are living shorter lives than their peers in other high-income countries, facing disproportionate disability in their later years, and enduring alarming rates of maternal deaths and violence—all while research on their health remains chronically underfunded (PRB.org).

Fresh insights from leading clinical experts underscore a new era in how menopause and women’s sexual health are discussed, experienced, and managed, with significant relevance for Thai society as the population ages. Mayo Clinic’s recent coverage during Women’s Health Week highlights both the evolving science and practical strategies that support midlife women in thriving through this key life stage—not simply surviving it (mcpress.mayoclinic.org).

For millions of Thai women, menopause typically occurs between ages 45 and 55—a period often described in Thai as “วัยทอง” (the golden age). However, rapid hormone fluctuations during perimenopause and menopause can cause an array of symptoms. International research and clinical experience, such as that shared by an internal medicine consultant at Mayo Clinic, reveal that around 80% of women experience vasomotor symptoms like hot flashes and night sweats, alongside weight gain, bone density loss, cognitive “brain fog,” sexual discomfort, and reduced libido. The expert emphasizes, “Aging collides with menopause. You have to do more, eat less to stay the same, but then weight comes around the tummy that’s more related to estrogen than aging.”

A new comprehensive review published by the American Heart Association highlights the often-overlooked issue of sexual health following a stroke, calling for increased awareness and tailored support from healthcare professionals worldwide, including Thailand. As stroke survivors face numerous physical and psychological challenges, the report underscores that the impact on sexual function and intimacy is significant, yet remains rarely addressed in standard care.

Sexual health plays a crucial role in overall quality of life, particularly for stroke survivors, whose relationships and sense of self can be deeply affected. In Thailand, where over 250,000 people experience a stroke each year and the number of survivors continues to rise due to advances in acute care, the topic frequently falls outside the scope of post-stroke rehabilitation programs. According to the American Heart Association review, addressing the sexual wellbeing of stroke survivors should be an integral part of recovery—not only for physical rehabilitation but also for emotional and social reintegration (ahajournals.org).

A growing number of Thai women are choosing to skip their periods for months or even years by using birth control methods designed for continuous use. According to the latest research and interviews with leading reproductive health experts, forgoing menstruation in this way is both safe and effective—a message that stands in contrast to widespread myths circulating on social media platforms like TikTok and Facebook. As misinformation about hormonal contraceptives proliferates online, the scientific consensus is clear: medically supervised continuous birth control poses no long-term health risks and does not cause infertility.

A recent topical review published in the journal Stroke has put the spotlight on a crucial yet often overlooked aspect of post-stroke recovery: sexual health. The research emphasizes that sexual dysfunction and intimacy issues are prevalent among stroke survivors but remain under-discussed, urging healthcare professionals—including those in Thailand—to take a more proactive and compassionate role in addressing these concerns (ahajournals.org).

For many Thai stroke survivors and their families, the journey to recovery is long and challenging. While physical rehabilitation and prevention of further strokes are primary concerns, sexual health is rarely brought up in clinical discussions, often brushed aside due to social stigma, embarrassment, or cultural reservations. Yet, the ability to maintain intimacy and a fulfilling sexual relationship has a substantial impact on overall quality of life, psychological well-being, and marital stability.

A new wave of research is shining light on the crucial, yet often overlooked, aspects of survivorship for breast cancer patients—including sexual health, holistic symptom management, and lifestyle choices like exercise and diet. The 2024 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium recently devoted a special session to these quality-of-life issues, signaling an important shift in how doctors, researchers, and advocates are addressing the daily realities faced by breast cancer survivors worldwide—including here in Thailand.

A groundbreaking 2024 study published in Nature’s Digital Medicine Journal has found that patterns in resting heart rate and heart rate variability, measured by wearable devices such as Whoop trackers, may reveal important insights into female reproductive health. Conducted with data from over 11,500 users worldwide, this research is among the largest and most comprehensive to date exploring the connections between cardiovascular metrics and menstrual cycles, potentially paving the way for more accessible health monitoring for women everywhere, including Thailand.

A wave of recent research is challenging the stereotype that men’s sexual health fades harmlessly with age, with new evidence suggesting that certain sexual health traits may be linked to longevity. Several academic and medical sources now indicate that men who maintain robust sexual health, including frequent sexual activity and normal testosterone levels, may enjoy a significant survival advantage compared to their peers.

The question of whether men who are sexually active or who display high sexual health indicators live longer has attracted scientific attention worldwide. In Thailand, where cultural discussions of male sexual wellbeing are often discreet, such research is particularly resonant as demographic shifts shape health policy priorities. The findings matter for Thai men and their families, integrating a vital aspect of sexual wellness into broader public health.

A groundbreaking new study has found that men with better semen quality—particularly higher counts of motile (moving) sperm—may live two to three years longer than their peers with poor semen quality, offering an unexpected connection between male reproductive health and overall lifespan. The research, published recently in Human Reproduction and led by a team at Copenhagen University Hospital, marks the largest-ever exploration of the relationship between semen parameters and all-cause mortality among men, bringing attention to an overlooked marker of men’s health with broad implications, including for Thai men navigating lifestyle and healthcare choices (News-Medical.net).