Social Sciences

A new report from the World Health Organization (WHO) has revealed a staggering 33-year difference between the highest and lowest life expectancies globally, underscoring persistent and widening health inequities across nations and within societies. The findings, released on 6 May 2025, highlight that one’s health and longevity are shaped less by biology than by where one is born and raised, the opportunities available, and the degree to which social and economic structures expose individuals to disadvantage and discrimination (UN News).

A shrinking population is no longer a distant possibility—it is unfolding in real time. Global fertility rates have fallen to levels that could see dozens of countries experience population declines by 2100. This trend carries wide-ranging implications for economies, social systems, and daily life in Thailand and beyond.

Thailand already confronts one of Asia’s fastest-ageing populations. Officials warn that without a rise in the national fertility rate, fewer young people may be available to support an increasing elderly population, straining healthcare, pensions, and the labor market. The global replacement level—about 2.1 children per woman to keep population stable—has already fallen below 2.0 in many developed countries, including Thailand.

In a discovery that stretches the boundaries of memory research, scientists have recently shed light on “jamais vu”—the rare and unsettling feeling that something deeply familiar suddenly appears strange or unrecognizable. While most Thais are familiar with the spine-tingling phenomenon of déjà vu, the eerie sense that one has lived through a moment before, its lesser-known counterpart, jamais vu, proves to be even more uncanny, and researchers say it holds important clues to the workings of the human brain (ScienceAlert).

Researchers have uncovered new insights into jamais vu, the unsettling feeling that something familiar suddenly looks unfamiliar. While deja vu is well known in Thai culture, jamais vu is rarer and oddly more disorienting. Scientists say this phenomenon can illuminate how our brain checks reality and prevents us from slipping into automatic thoughts.

In a study that earned an Ig Nobel Prize in literature, participants were asked to repeat simple words like “door” or “the.” After about a minute, roughly 70% of people reported a strong sense of unfamiliarity and stopped voluntarily, describing experiences such as a word that “doesn’t seem right” or feeling as if it’s not really a word. The findings suggest jamais vu can reveal how our cognitive system verifies meaning and prevents us from drifting through routine without awareness.

A major international study challenges the idea of a universal formula for happiness. Published in Nature Human Behaviour, the research finds that well-being arises from a mix of external circumstances and internal attitudes, with each person following a distinct path to life satisfaction. In Thailand, where happiness is both a personal and public concern, the findings invite policymakers, educators, and health professionals to rethink how well-being is cultivated.

Data from more than 40,000 participants across Germany, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, the Netherlands, and Australia tracked individuals for up to 30 years. The analysis examined overall life satisfaction as well as satisfaction in health, income, housing, work, and relationships. Results reveal a striking variety: roughly equal shares of participants derived happiness from external conditions (bottom-up), internal qualities like resilience and mindset (top-down), a combination of both (bidirectional), or other factors not fully identified by researchers.

A recent study has uncovered that older adults tend to engage in less self-reflection about their personality traits than their younger counterparts—a finding that could have important implications for personal development, mental health, and aging in Thailand and beyond. The research, published in the journal Motivation and Emotion, explored age differences in how individuals think about and evaluate their own personalities, concluding that as people age, they become less likely to question or analyze aspects of who they are.

A sweeping international study has shattered the myth of a universal formula for happiness, revealing that the sources of well-being are as diverse as humanity itself. Published in the prestigious journal Nature Human Behaviour, this latest research demonstrates that people’s happiness can come from external circumstances, internal attitudes, or a complex interplay of both—with each person following a unique path to life satisfaction (Neuroscience News).

The significance of these findings reverberates far beyond the academic world. In Thailand, where happiness is often seen as both a public good and a personal achievement, the study challenges policymakers, educators, and mental health professionals to rethink how happiness and well-being are cultivated in society. The research calls into question one-size-fits-all approaches and highlights the need for more individualized strategies that respect the differences in what drives happiness for each person.

A new study finds that as people grow older, they engage in less self-reflection about their personality traits than younger individuals. The finding, published in Motivation and Emotion, suggests aging may bring a more stable sense of self, with less ongoing internal questioning. The research analyzed how adults across age groups think about their own traits and the extent to which they consider changes to who they are.

This insight resonates in Thai society, where elders are respected and lifelong learning is valued. Understanding how self-reflection evolves across the lifespan can inform education, workplace development, and mental-health support tailored for older adults. The key takeaway is that older adults may feel content with their identities and see less need for ongoing introspection, while still benefiting from opportunities for meaningful growth.

A groundbreaking new study is challenging longstanding demographic wisdom by asserting that humanity’s current fertility rate is now too low to guarantee survival—even if average births per woman meet the historical “replacement” level. The research, led by a Japanese scientist and published in the journal PLOS One, argues that the global average of 2.1 children per woman simply isn’t enough. Instead, it suggests that a fertility rate of 2.7 is the true mark required to ensure humanity’s long-term prospects, a conclusion that carries serious implications for countries like Thailand, where the fertility rate is well below these thresholds.

A sweeping new international study published in Nature Human Behaviour has overturned one-size-fits-all notions of happiness, revealing that what brings joy is profoundly personal and shaped by a unique mix of external circumstances and inner mindsets for each individual. The research, based on life satisfaction surveys from more than 40,000 people across five countries and spanning up to 30 years, offers crucial insights for public health policy and individual wellbeing, including in Thailand, where social, cultural, and economic factors deeply intertwine with personal happiness.

A large, long-term study published in Nature Human Behaviour shows happiness isn’t one-size-fits-all. Joy arises from a unique mix of external circumstances and inner mindsets, and the balance varies from person to person. The research followed over 40,000 people across five countries for up to 30 years, offering insights for public health policy and individual wellbeing that resonate in Thailand too, where social, cultural, and economic factors shape daily happiness.

A new study shows a clear link between stronger emotional intelligence (EI) and higher sexual satisfaction. The research suggests that people who understand and manage emotions well tend to have more fulfilling intimate relationships. This finding resonates in Thailand, where emotional well-being and harmony in family life are highly valued.

Understanding EI’s role is important for Thai couples who navigate modern pressures alongside traditional expectations. Sexual satisfaction contributes to overall relationship happiness, which supports family stability—an important aspect of Thai culture. Data from the study indicate that individuals who score higher on EI measures are better at perceiving, expressing, and regulating emotions, and they empathize more with their partners. These abilities foster open communication and trust, leading to more satisfying intimate lives.

As debates around political extremism intensify, new research and public conversations remind Thai readers of the enduring dangers of authoritarian, ultranationalist ideologies. Scholars and educators highlight how fascist movements rose from crisis, manipulated fear and identity, and caused immense human suffering. The message is clear: understanding these histories helps policymakers and communities safeguard democratic norms today.

Fascism did not appear by accident. Across 20th-century Europe, economic hardship, social upheaval, and weak institutions created openings for anti-democratic ideologies to take hold. Experts emphasize that these regimes exploited discontent and calls for strong leadership to push through violent, exclusionary agendas—ultimately fueling wars and persecution. Recent analyses emphasize that ignoring these patterns risks repetition in new forms. Research summarized in contemporary commentaries argues for vigilance against complacency during national crises.

A recent study has revealed a significant connection between higher emotional intelligence and increased sexual satisfaction, providing new insights into how emotional competencies can shape intimate relationships. The findings, published this week and widely reported in recent media coverage, suggest that individuals with stronger abilities to understand and manage emotions tend to experience more fulfilling sexual relationships. This discovery is particularly relevant for Thai readers, as it highlights the often-overlooked role of emotional skills in personal wellbeing and marital harmony—a topic deeply valued within Thai society.

A provocative study from Shizuoka University questions whether today’s fertility level is high enough to sustain human populations over the long term. It argues that a global average of 2.1 births per woman—the traditional replacement rate—may not guarantee stability. Instead, the research suggests a higher threshold of about 2.7 births per woman could be necessary. The findings matter for Thailand, where current fertility sits well below that target.

Historically, experts worried about overpopulation as populations exploded—from under 3 billion in 1960 to over 8 billion today. Public health campaigns, contraception access, and shifting social norms reduced fertility dramatically. By 2023, the world’s average had dropped to around 2.3 births per woman. In many Asian countries, including Thailand, this rapid demographic transition was seen as a development success.

As conversations around political extremism resurge globally, new research and public debates are highlighting the enduring lessons drawn from the history of fascism—reminding both policymakers and the public in Thailand and beyond of the dangers posed by authoritarian and ultranationalist ideologies. Scholars and civic commentators are intensifying calls for Thai society to critically engage with the multifaceted origins, rise, and traumatic impacts of fascist movements in the 20th century, warning that disregarding these histories risks allowing similar patterns to re-emerge in different forms.