Perimenopause begins well before menopause, often in a woman’s 30s or 40s, and can last months to several years. It’s not a quick transition but a complex phase with a wide range of symptoms. Health professionals note that many signs are subtle and easily overlooked, making awareness crucial for timely care.
A key feature of perimenopause is irregular, sometimes heavy bleeding, known as “menstrual flooding.” This happens because ovulation becomes inconsistent, leading to unpredictable patterns that may resemble menstrual experiences from earlier life stages. Subtle changes in cycle length and flow can signal progression through this stage.
Beyond the familiar hot flashes, mood swings, sleep disruption, and vaginal dryness, women may encounter less typical symptoms. Joint pain can emerge, particularly in the shoulders and ankles, sometimes described as a “frozen shoulder,” linked to decreasing estrogen. Hormonal shifts can also cause ear itching, tinnitus, mouth dryness or burning sensations, and sensations like electric shocks or “phantom” zaps in sensitive areas. These varied experiences highlight how estrogen supports many body functions beyond reproduction.
Looking ahead, experts warn that lower estrogen levels after menopause raise risks for heart disease, osteoporosis, and urinary tract infections. Understanding perimenopause can help manage current symptoms and prepare for future health needs. Early guidance from healthcare providers supports personalized care, including lifestyle adjustments such as balanced nutrition, regular sleep, and stress management.
In Thailand, where family and community networks heavily influence health decisions, increasing awareness of perimenopause is important. Integrating education on this transition into broader health campaigns can empower Thai women with practical knowledge and access to support.
Practical steps for readers:
- Talk with a healthcare professional about any persistent menstrual changes or new symptoms.
- Track cycle patterns and symptom timing to share with clinicians.
- Adopt heart-healthy and bone-healthy habits now, including weight-bearing exercise, calcium-rich foods, and stress-reduction practices.
- Seek trusted information from reputable health institutions and local clinics.
By fostering open conversations and proactive care, Thai communities can improve quality of life for women navigating the journey toward menopause.