Heart disease remains Thailand’s leading cause of death, making awareness of its signs vital. A recent expert commentary by a renowned cardiac surgeon underscores the importance of recognizing both subtle and obvious symptoms of heart blockage. With rising risk factors such as high cholesterol, hypertension, and diabetes among Thais, knowing the warning signals can save lives.
Heart blockage refers to either coronary artery disease (CAD) or electrical conduction disturbances in the heart. CAD involves narrowing of the arteries due to fatty deposits, which reduces oxygen and nutrients reaching the heart muscle. Conduction blocks disrupt the heart’s electrical signals, affecting coordination between the heart’s chambers. Both can present with overlapping symptoms, which can be confusing.
The most common symptom is chest discomfort, often described as pressure or heaviness that may radiate to the arm, jaw, neck, or back. These pains typically occur with activity or stress and ease with rest. Chest pain is a red flag that should never be dismissed as mere stress. Breathlessness is another primary symptom, sometimes occurring during exertion or at rest as the heart struggles to pump efficiently. Shortness of breath is especially common among older adults who may attribute it to aging.
Unexplained fatigue, dizziness or fainting with mild activity, palpitations, nausea, indigestion, and pain in the jaw or upper abdomen can also signal trouble. Leg swelling may indicate fluid buildup from reduced heart pumping. Psychological symptoms, such as anxiety or sleep disturbances, may accompany cardiac events. Recent health reporting notes that women often experience atypical symptoms, such as back or jaw pain and nausea, rather than classic chest pain. Early detection remains crucial to prevent permanent damage or sudden cardiac events.
If left untreated, heart blockage can progress to a heart attack or a complete heart block, potentially leading to cardiac arrest. This risk is higher for people with hypertension, diabetes, or a family history of heart disease, particularly in urban areas where lifestyles can be demanding.
Thai context adds urgency. Rapid urbanization, dietary shifts toward higher fat and salt, and limited physical activity contribute to rising CAD and conduction disorders. The fast-paced urban lifestyle can cause symptoms to be overlooked amid work and family obligations. Cultural barriers, including reluctance to seek medical care due to cost or not wanting to burden others, can delay treatment.
Healthcare professionals in Thailand recommend regular heart health screenings, especially for those over 40 or with risk factors like smoking and obesity. A senior Thai cardiologist emphasizes not delaying medical assessment for even mild chest discomfort or shortness of breath. Public health programs increasingly offer basic ECGs and cholesterol checks in many provinces.
Advances in treatment include pacemakers for severe conduction block, with ongoing 2025 research comparing pacing technologies to reduce long-term device dependence and improve outcomes. Early detection tools, such as the CHILDHEART diagnostic score for children, show promise in rural communities where advanced imaging is limited. These developments underscore the need for broader access to interventional cardiology beyond Bangkok.
Although awareness campaigns by the Ministry of Public Health have improved knowledge of acute heart events, myths persist. A common misconception is that heart problems only affect the elderly, whereas data show rising cases among working-age adults. Cultural norms of stoicism can delay symptom reporting, particularly among Thai men. Community programs and temple-based health education remain essential strategies.
Looking ahead, public health experts expect heart disease to rise as lifestyles continue to evolve. The COVID-19 pandemic increased sedentary behavior and stress, and disrupted routine health checkups. Continued government investment in cardiac care and public awareness is needed, along with greater access to advanced diagnostics and treatment in the provinces.
Practical guidance for readers: learn the broad spectrum of heart blockage symptoms—from chest pain and breathlessness to fatigue, palpitations, and swelling. Do not ignore mild complaints. Seek medical evaluation promptly, especially with known risk factors. Early intervention can be lifesaving.
For trusted information, refer to established medical guidance and national health services, and consult local healthcare providers if symptoms arise. In urgent cases, contact Thailand’s emergency medical services.
Empowerment through knowledge about heart health can protect you and your family now and in the future.
Notes on sources: Information is synthesized from leading medical organizations and Thai health guidance. Expert statements reflect commonly cited cautions about early detection and symptom recognition in both men and women.