New research demonstrates that even low-intensity activities like stretching and gentle movement can meaningfully slow cognitive decline among older adults, including those at risk of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. The EXERT study provides some of the strongest evidence to date that movement at any intensity supports memory and thinking skills. This matters for Thailand’s rapidly aging population and the families who care for them.
Thailand’s 60-plus demographic is expected to reach 28% by 2033, underscoring the growing burden of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. MCI affects a significant share of adults over 50 worldwide and is a subtle, early phase of cognitive decline. In Thailand, rising dementia cases—many evolving from unnoticed MCI— strain families, caregivers, and the health system. These realities call for proactive public health strategies and community-level support.
The research, published in Alzheimer’s and Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association, tracked nearly 300 sedentary older adults diagnosed with amnestic MCI. Participants were randomly assigned to moderate-to-high intensity aerobic exercise or low-intensity routines such as stretching and balance work, for up to 18 months. The study’s primary finding: after 12 months, both exercise groups showed notably slower cognitive decline than those who remained inactive. Cognitive tests and memory tasks remained stable, countering the usual downward path seen in MCI. Brain imaging also revealed less shrinkage, especially in the prefrontal cortex, a region essential for planning, attention, and multitasking.
A senior investigator in the project noted that regular exercise—whether high or low intensity—may protect against cognitive decline in adults with MCI and those at risk for dementia. Even participants unable to perform vigorous workouts can benefit, with findings suggesting that consistent activity three to four times weekly for about 30–45 minutes can support brain health.
Experts emphasize the prefrontal cortex’s role in attention, multitasking, planning, and organization. Protecting this area from volume loss through physical activity could meaningfully impact an elder’s daily independence and quality of life. Health researchers and dementia specialists broadly welcome these results, as they bolster the growing evidence linking physical activity to brain health. In Thailand, traditional wisdom that physical vitality supports a sharp mind resonates with many families, who are increasingly encouraged to view movement as a preventive practice.
Thailand’s cultural emphasis on elder care makes early recognition of cognitive changes crucial. Many cases of MCI go unnoticed by health services until they progress to dementia, highlighting the need for nationwide public health campaigns and community-based screening. Normalizing regular movement as part of aging—much like morning strolls in parks or temple-supported group activities—could help Thailand respond more effectively to an aging society.
Looking ahead, EXERT’s findings may influence clinical guidelines on dementia prevention and stimulate broader health programs in Thailand and beyond. A recent comprehensive review also supports the link between physical activity and better cognitive outcomes, with large studies showing improvements in cognitive scores and brain biomarkers associated with Alzheimer’s. The most practical implication for resource-limited settings is the accessibility of gentle exercise: routines that can be integrated into community programs, temples, or televised senior health series.
While researchers continue to refine the optimal mix and frequency of activity, the current evidence is compelling. A neurologist highlighted that aging with exercise benefits cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health and lowers dementia risk, recommending regular structured activities and ongoing learning as protective for memory.
To support Thailand’s aging population, public health campaigns should promote movement as a joyful, communal activity. Health authorities, in collaboration with local administrators, can encourage three to four sessions of light to moderate movement per week at routine checkups and within community programs. Practical options—neighborhood walks, gardening, tai chi, or gentle stretching—offer accessible paths to preserve memory, independence, and dignity.
Families and caregivers can help by identifying enjoyable activities for elders and incorporating them into daily life. Even simple routines can make a meaningful difference in memory and independence as Thai society continues to age.
For practical guidance on safe exercise plans for older adults, readers can consult Thailand’s Ministry of Public Health elder care recommendations or trusted international resources on brain health and aging.