New research from the United States highlights a widening challenge: boys and young men are increasingly falling behind in education, mental health, and transitions into adulthood. While girls advance in academic achievement and social development, many boys feel undervalued and adrift. The findings, interpreted as part of a global trend, carry meaningful implications for Thailand’s classrooms, universities, and workplaces as the country pursues inclusive growth and a resilient economy.
Data from the United States show that the education gap often begins in kindergarten, where boys lag in readiness and behavior. The gap persists through schooling, with girls outperforming boys in reading and earning higher grades overall. By high school, fewer boys graduate on time compared with girls. Experts note that even when boys do well in math, the overall classroom environment has become more conducive to female success. A leading voice in this field says the system could be more boy-friendly to support positive learning outcomes.
Mental health is another area of concern. National data indicate higher rates of diagnosable mental health issues among boys aged 3 to 17 than girls, and suicide among young men remains alarmingly elevated. Experts warn that social expectations surrounding stoicism discourage help-seeking, which compounds distress and poor wellbeing. A veteran researcher from a prominent men’s institute emphasizes the urgency: many men know someone who has died by suicide, underscoring the human stakes behind statistics.
Transitions into adulthood are shifting as well. A growing share of young men live with their parents into their late 20s, while fewer are forming lasting partnerships or entering the workforce in traditional male-dominated sectors. These patterns interact with broader changes in the labor market, where service roles and education-driven careers are increasingly common.
Why should Thai readers care? National and regional data show similar patterns. Thai girls have long outperformed boys in basic education, with higher rates of secondary completion and university enrollment. In rural and minority communities, dropout rates for boys remain a concern. Within Thai classrooms, boys can be quick to face labeling as “problem students,” particularly when language and literacy gaps appear. Local studies point to absenteeism, disciplinary issues, and underperformance in Thai language and English, echoing international trends. Additionally, gender norms that emphasize stoicism may hinder young men from seeking help for stress and mental health challenges.
Cultural context matters in Thailand. The concept of phu chai (manhood) has strong tradition, often valuing resilience and emotional restraint. This dynamic can influence how boys engage with school and access support. In northern regions, agricultural ties may push some boys to leave school early, while urban environments can create a mismatch between student identity and schooling.
Experts argue for balanced reforms that support all students. In Thailand, policymakers, educators, and civil society groups are exploring gender-sensitive measures: mentorship programs for boys, expanded counseling, more male teachers in early education, and stronger mental health services in schools. Some argue for “boy-friendly” approaches that blend hands-on learning with flexible discipline, while safeguarding progress toward gender equality for girls.
Actionable steps for Thailand include strengthening early literacy and emotional-skills development, implementing targeted interventions for at-risk students, expanding non-academic pathways, and normalizing mental health support for young men. Integrating a gender lens into education policy—recognizing both girls’ progress and boys’ challenges—can help build a more inclusive and productive future.
For context and deeper understanding, research from Thai universities and UNESCO Thailand offers local insights. Data from national education reports show how Thailand’s education system can adapt to evolving gender dynamics while remaining true to Thai values and culture. By addressing these patterns now, Thailand can protect children’s wellbeing, improve lifelong learning outcomes, and ensure a skilled workforce for tomorrow.