Daily health supplements attract many in Thailand aiming for better vitality, but health experts warn they can stress the liver and kidneys when used excessively or without proper guidance. As Thais increasingly turn to over-the-counter vitamins, protein powders, and herbal capsules influenced by social media, researchers are calling for caution and clearer guidance. Thailand’s supplement market has expanded rapidly, with local surveys showing about one in three urban adults takes a supplement daily.
The liver and kidneys are essential filtration organs. When people take more than the body needs, these organs work harder, sometimes with serious consequences. High-dose green tea extract and vitamin A, for example, have been linked to liver inflammation and, in rare cases, organ failure. Kidney risks rise with excessive calcium, vitamin D, and protein intake. Over time, this can lead to kidney stones, reduced function, or accelerated disease progression—a danger that can stay hidden until damage becomes significant.
Recent coverage highlights how common supplements can undermine health when misused. Excess vitamin A may cause headaches and liver damage, and can pose risks during pregnancy. Too much iron can cause nausea and organ harm, while excess vitamin D can raise blood calcium and affect the kidneys. Large amounts of vitamin E may interfere with blood clotting, and some herbal products like turmeric and high-strength green tea extract have been linked to liver toxicity at high doses. Local health professionals emphasize that many patients do not realize their “harmless” supplements may strain the liver or kidneys, especially when marketing messages obscure proper dosages.
Regulatory oversight for supplements varies. In many markets, products may enter shelves with less rigorous testing than prescription medicines, raising concerns about contamination and dosage accuracy. Adverse effects may develop gradually, sometimes after months or years of daily use, making self-diagnosis unlikely. Data from health authorities in the region suggest that the evidence supporting routine daily supplement use for the general population is weak at best. A comprehensive analysis reported that multivitamins do not consistently reduce chronic disease risk or extend life, and some research has shown a slight increase in mortality among long-term users. Thai researchers also urge caution: supplements should address documented nutritional gaps, not be consumed indiscriminately.
Despite concerns, supplements have roles in Thailand for individuals with specific deficiencies, dietary restrictions, or special life stages. Pregnant women often need folic acid to prevent neural tube defects, and older adults may require vitamin D due to limited sun exposure. Public health officials stress that supplementation should be strategic and medically supervised, not a routine habit.
Thailand’s wellness culture blends traditional herbal practices with modern products. Markets offer everything from traditional capsules to imported vitamins and protein drinks. Positive perceptions can mask risks, especially when marketing and online advice blend with traditional beliefs. In urban centers, the appeal of an “easy fix” remains strong among younger people under academic and work pressures. Health promotion officials worry that this trend could sideline nutritious Thai cuisine—rich in vegetables, fish, and whole grains—in favor of pill-based solutions. The World Health Organization advises that food should remain the primary source of nutrients for most people, reinforcing the emphasis on a balanced diet.
If the trend continues unchecked, liver and kidney concerns could rise in Thailand. Regulators face challenges in enforcement, and the easy availability of imported supplements—some with undisclosed ingredients—complicates the issue. The takeaway is clear: consult a licensed healthcare provider before starting any supplement, especially for those with fatigue, digestive issues, or chronic illness. People with existing kidney or liver conditions should proceed with extra caution. A return to wholesome Thai meals—fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains—often covers nutritional needs for most people.
Treat supplements as medicines, not harmless add-ons. Read labels carefully, be wary of grand claims, and seek professional advice when in doubt. For trustworthy guidance, speak with a board-certified doctor and consider Thailand’s regulatory guidance from the Thai FDA, alongside established health organizations.