Thailand and the Global Decline in Birth Rates: What It Means for Health, Education, and Society
A new wave of analysis is reshaping how we understand the ongoing drop in birth rates among wealthy nations. The research highlights a complex mix of economic, cultural, and social factors that influence family planning, with implications for public health, education systems, and social cohesion. For Thai readers, the discussion is especially relevant as Thailand faces similar demographic changes.
Across high-income countries, fertility has fallen to historic lows even as global population growth slows. Recent syntheses show total fertility rates dipping well below the replacement level of about 2.1 children per woman. Countries such as South Korea, Taiwan, Japan, and several European nations are recording rates around or below 1.2. Projections suggest fertility could continue to trend downward this century, with some forecasts indicating a world rate near 1.8 by 2100, though long-term estimates vary.