#ASEAN

An OECD report released this spring warns that rapidly growing cities across Southeast Asia face a funding gap for green, resilient and inclusive urban development unless governments diversify financing instruments, strengthen subnational creditworthiness and crowd in private investment through targeted risk-sharing tools and project pipelines. The report, Financing Sustainable Cities in Southeast Asia: Diversifying Instruments and Leveraging Private Investment, focuses on the ASEAN‑5 — Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand and Viet Nam — and argues that existing public budgets and traditional bank lending will not be enough to deliver mass transit, flood defences, clean water, affordable housing and low‑carbon energy at the speed cities need. The analysis, issued by the OECD and presented at regional events in April–May 2025, lays out practical steps for national and local policymakers to mobilise a broader mix of instruments — municipal bonds, green and sustainability bonds, blended finance facilities, public‑private partnerships with stronger safeguards, and value‑capture tools — while improving governance and transparency to make urban projects bankable for institutional investors (OECD report).

A groundbreaking OECD study released this spring delivers a stark warning that Southeast Asia’s rapidly expanding urban centers stand at a financial crossroads, with traditional funding mechanisms proving catastrophically inadequate for the green infrastructure revolution these cities desperately need. The comprehensive analysis, titled “Financing Sustainable Cities in Southeast Asia: Diversifying Instruments and Leveraging Private Investment,” focuses laser-sharp attention on the ASEAN-5 nations—Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam—revealing how conventional public budgets and standard banking relationships cannot possibly deliver the mass transit systems, flood protection networks, clean water infrastructure, affordable housing developments, and low-carbon energy installations these urban areas require at breakneck speed. International development experts who presented the OECD findings at high-level regional conferences throughout April and May 2025 outlined an ambitious roadmap requiring national and local policymakers to fundamentally restructure their approach to urban finance through innovative instruments including municipal bonds, green and sustainability-linked securities, sophisticated blended finance facilities, reformed public-private partnerships with enhanced social safeguards, and strategic value-capture mechanisms that improve governance transparency to make urban projects genuinely attractive to major institutional investors.

An environmental crisis of unprecedented scale now engulfs Southeast Asia as China’s systematic closure of polluting industries has triggered massive relocation of contaminating manufacturing operations, overwhelming waste processing systems and toxic material disposal infrastructure throughout the region. This industrial exodus, representing a troubling evolution of traditional economic development patterns, delivers substantial employment opportunities alongside devastating environmental consequences that threaten public health and ecological stability across Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia. China’s enforcement of stringent environmental regulations since 2018 has compelled thousands of polluting enterprises to seek alternative operational bases in Southeast Asian nations with weaker regulatory oversight, effectively exporting environmental degradation rather than eliminating harmful industrial practices entirely.

A new wave of relocating industries, dubbed the “new flying geese,” is bringing both foreign capital and mounting waste to Southeast Asia as China tightens its environmental regulations. This phenomenon, highlighted in a recent Nikkei Asia opinion article, signals a momentous shift in regional manufacturing that may reshape Southeast Asia’s economies and environment for years to come.

The “flying geese paradigm” originally described how industrialization travels in formation from advanced economies to less-developed ones—first from Japan, and more recently from China to Southeast Asia. Today, as China ramps up its enforcement on pollution and waste, manufacturers and recycling businesses—long byproducts of foreign investment—are relocating their operations to Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia. This move is accompanied not just by new jobs and capital inflows but also by an influx of plastic, electronic, and other hazardous wastes in their wake (CFR; National Geographic).

Tourists planning their next getaway may notice rising costs—sometimes in the form of new climate-focused fees attached to hotel stays, ferry tickets, or entry to national parks and protected sites. Far from being just another burden on the traveller’s wallet, a new wave of tourist taxes is reshaping how the tourism industry responds to the escalating climate crisis, aiming to preserve some of the world’s most treasured and vulnerable destinations for future generations.

A devastating wave of technologically advanced cybercrime operations has transformed Southeast Asia into the epicenter of a global digital fraud epidemic, with criminal syndicates orchestrating billion-dollar theft schemes while exploiting vulnerable workers through human trafficking networks. This escalating crisis directly threatens Thailand’s economic stability, digital transformation goals, and citizen safety, as sophisticated criminal organizations leverage regional connectivity and regulatory gaps to build unprecedented fraud empires that target both Thai nationals and international victims.

A recent surge in highly organized online scams running out of Southeast Asia has escalated into what experts are calling a global “scamdemic,” with billions of dollars stolen, hundreds of thousands of victims, and entire communities in Thailand and across the region at risk. The phenomenon, driven largely by transnational criminal networks, is now recognized as a crisis threatening personal safety, national security, and international cooperation.

What began as a relatively contained problem has exploded in scale and complexity, fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic, regulatory loopholes, and advances in digital communications. According to a report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), fraud syndicates run primarily by Chinese organized crime have set up scam hubs in countries including Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and the Philippines, with operations increasingly targeting Thais and foreigners alike (VOA News). These criminal enterprises lure job seekers with false promises, only to force them into working in call center-like factories under threats of violence and, in some cases, death.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming from a bleeding-edge technology to a critical tool in international development, positioning itself as the new form of foreign aid for lower- and middle-income countries. As global powerhouses and leading technology firms ramp up their investments in AI infrastructure and capacity-building initiatives across Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America, a new era in cross-border assistance is taking shape—one that could profoundly alter the development landscape for Thailand and its neighbors.

Southeast Asia is swiftly gaining recognition as a dynamic epicentre for global innovation and risk capital, no longer just a region of “potential” but a real-world laboratory where data, technology, and diverse cultures converge at an unprecedented scale. As global demand for artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure skyrockets, the region is attracting billions in investment and new interest from the East and West, positioning itself at the very heart of the world’s digital economy.

Pope Leo XIV has called on world leaders, tech innovators, and global citizens to ensure the development of artificial intelligence (AI) is guided by ethics, human dignity, and the promotion of peaceful societies. In a message delivered during the AI for Good Summit in Geneva on July 10, 2025, the pontiff urged the international community to establish robust frameworks and regulations that put the “common good” at the center of the AI revolution. As artificial intelligence increasingly shapes key sectors from healthcare and education to governance, the Pope’s intervention underlines mounting concerns about the pace and direction of AI development worldwide.

A recent feature by the Times of India has spotlighted the top seven most beautiful beaches across Asia, reigniting interest among Thai and international travelers for coastal destinations beyond the familiar. The article presents a diverse list, including Thailand’s renowned Maya Bay, alongside wonders from Myanmar, South Korea, India, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Indonesia. This overview comes as travel patterns shift post-pandemic, with Thais showing increased curiosity towards both domestic gems and nearby international shores, propelled by greater air connectivity and relaxed border measures (Times of India).

A new era of digital inequality is emerging worldwide, as recent research reveals that artificial intelligence (AI) computing power is rapidly becoming concentrated in just a handful of countries and companies. This growing divide between AI “haves” and “have-nots” is set to disrupt economies, fuel geopolitical rivalries, and shape the scientific and social futures of entire nations, according to a major new investigation by Oxford University researchers and reporting by The New York Times (nytimes.com).

Bali, already world-renowned for its scenic beauty and spiritual richness, has emerged as Southeast Asia’s vibrant new crucible for creative industries, propelled by local talent, affordable production costs, and a strategic location that fosters cross-border commerce in the region. The shift, documented in recent reporting and underscored by major international conferences scheduled throughout 2025, signals not only an evolution in Bali’s identity but portends significant implications for other Southeast Asian economies—including Thailand—as the region looks beyond tourism for sustainable, innovation-driven growth.

An unprecedented surge in tourism is transforming Luang Prabang, Laos’ ancient capital, into an economic bright spot and prompting experts to ask: can the rest of the country follow its path to prosperity, or will deep structural challenges hold back broader progress? The city’s experience offers lessons not only for Laos but also for neighboring countries like Thailand, where tourism’s impact on development is increasingly debated.

In just a few years, Luang Prabang has witnessed an economic renaissance. As recently as 2012, its central Sisavangvong Road saw only a smattering of foreign backpackers and tourist amenities were sparse. Fast forward to 2025, and the picture has changed dramatically. According to official figures, the city saw a stunning 162% increase in visitors year over year as of April 2025, with the Lonely Planet crowning it Asia’s top travel destination for 2025 (DW). Handicraft markets now line vibrant alleyways, quirky bars spill onto once-quiet streets, and international travelers fill hotels and restaurants that now serve global clientele.

Half a century after the iconic image of helicopters ferrying the last Americans from Saigon, Asia is once again witnessing tremors from a major shift in U.S. engagement. As the United States gradually pulls back from its long-held position of influence in the region, China is moving decisively to fill the gap, triggering both hope and uncertainty among Asian nations. This changing dynamic raises critical questions about the future of regional stability, the role of global powers, and the enduring resonance of American ideals—issues that hold particular poignancy for Thai policymakers, civil society, and the public.

As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies surge ahead at a blistering pace, it is no longer just software engineers and tech sector insiders who need to worry about their jobs being disrupted—according to leading experts, everyone whose work involves words, data, or ideas must begin preparing to adapt. The urgency of this message comes through powerfully in a recent opinion column in The Washington Post, which warns that the period of “grace” may be much shorter than many professionals realize (Washington Post, 2025).

The latest results from the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2025 have confirmed that the National University of Singapore (NUS) holds the highest position among Asian universities for computer science, coming in at 8th globally. This reaffirms Singapore’s commitment to world-class technological education and highlights the continued ascent of Asia’s leading institutions in the fiercely competitive field of computer science and information systems (Tempo.co).

For Thai readers, this news points not only to the international success of universities in the region but also offers insights into the shifting competitive landscape for STEM education that matters both locally and globally. Computer science is among the most sought-after academic programs worldwide due to its direct link to economic growth, digital transformation, and advanced job prospects—a reality that Thailand’s education policymakers and students should closely watch.

A bold call for $1.4 billion in emergency funding to provide sexual and reproductive health services for over 45 million people living in crisis-affected countries has been issued, underscoring the acute challenges faced by women and girls amid escalating global crises. The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) launched this appeal as part of its effort to address an urgent resource gap that is putting lives at risk, with a specific focus on life-saving reproductive health care and programs to prevent gender-based violence (UN News).

Global efforts to combat childhood malnutrition are facing a dangerous setback as disruptions in US government funding threaten the distribution of Plumpy’Nut, a ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) that has transformed survival rates for severely malnourished children. Experts warn that millions could be left without this critical lifeline, triggering renewed concern across regions already suffering humanitarian emergencies.

For families like those in northeastern Nigeria, the stakes are heartbreakingly clear. After losing her husband to violence and fleeing her village, one mother found her two-year-old son failing to thrive on inadequate rations in a displaced persons camp. It was only after receiving Plumpy’Nut—an energy-dense peanut paste fortified with vitamins and minerals—that her son rapidly recovered from acute malnutrition, illustrating the product’s vital role on the frontlines of humanitarian care (source: NPR).