Parinibbana, known in the Pali canon as Parinirvana—the ‘final nirvana’—is a foundational mystery and ultimate goal within Buddhist philosophy. The topic holds profound significance for Thai Buddhists, as it marks not only the historical moment of the Buddha’s complete emancipation but also serves as the ideal endpoint for all practitioners. Yet, interpretations and explanations about its true nature remain complex, requiring careful analysis grounded in Thai sources and Buddhist scripture. Here, we explore key elements of Parinibbana, its meaning, historical accounts, insights from Thai scholars, controversies, and enduring implications for contemporary Thai society.

A deeply moving account recently published by The Telegraph, titled “Both of My Sons Took Their Own Lives. I Feel I Didn’t Teach Them Well Enough How to Suffer,” has reignited urgent conversations worldwide—including in Thailand—about youth suicide and the profound challenges parents face in supporting children’s mental health. The story, which recounts a parent’s devastating loss of two sons to suicide, highlights a poignant, widely shared concern: Are families and schools adequately preparing young people to cope with suffering and emotional distress in an increasingly complex world?

A new era in the scientific quest to pinpoint where consciousness arises in the brain has arrived with the publication of an unprecedented collaborative study, revealing tantalizing clues—but offering no final answers. International neuroscientists, working with the backing of major institutions, have tested the top two competing theories about consciousness using sophisticated brain imaging across hundreds of participants, uncovering emerging insights with far-reaching implications for clinical medicine and philosophical understanding.

Rising Financial Anxiety Takes Toll on Health and Intellectual Capacity

In recent findings, heightened financial stress is emerging as a critical factor adversely affecting not just the physical well-being but also the cognitive functions of individuals. This trend, prominently observed in the United States, underscores the global importance of understanding the far-reaching consequences of economic pressures on health and intelligence.

The nexus between financial stress and health issues is not novel, but recent studies have emphasized a more profound impact on cognitive performance, such as IQ levels, which traditionally have been considered relatively stable over adulthood. As financial uncertainties grow, individuals report increased anxiety levels, leading to a psychosomatic cycle that exacerbates mental health challenges, affects decision-making, and diminishes overall life satisfaction.