#China

An environmental crisis of unprecedented scale now engulfs Southeast Asia as China’s systematic closure of polluting industries has triggered massive relocation of contaminating manufacturing operations, overwhelming waste processing systems and toxic material disposal infrastructure throughout the region. This industrial exodus, representing a troubling evolution of traditional economic development patterns, delivers substantial employment opportunities alongside devastating environmental consequences that threaten public health and ecological stability across Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia. China’s enforcement of stringent environmental regulations since 2018 has compelled thousands of polluting enterprises to seek alternative operational bases in Southeast Asian nations with weaker regulatory oversight, effectively exporting environmental degradation rather than eliminating harmful industrial practices entirely.

A new wave of relocating industries, dubbed the “new flying geese,” is bringing both foreign capital and mounting waste to Southeast Asia as China tightens its environmental regulations. This phenomenon, highlighted in a recent Nikkei Asia opinion article, signals a momentous shift in regional manufacturing that may reshape Southeast Asia’s economies and environment for years to come.

The “flying geese paradigm” originally described how industrialization travels in formation from advanced economies to less-developed ones—first from Japan, and more recently from China to Southeast Asia. Today, as China ramps up its enforcement on pollution and waste, manufacturers and recycling businesses—long byproducts of foreign investment—are relocating their operations to Southeast Asian countries such as Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia. This move is accompanied not just by new jobs and capital inflows but also by an influx of plastic, electronic, and other hazardous wastes in their wake (CFR; National Geographic).

A devastating wave of technologically advanced cybercrime operations has transformed Southeast Asia into the epicenter of a global digital fraud epidemic, with criminal syndicates orchestrating billion-dollar theft schemes while exploiting vulnerable workers through human trafficking networks. This escalating crisis directly threatens Thailand’s economic stability, digital transformation goals, and citizen safety, as sophisticated criminal organizations leverage regional connectivity and regulatory gaps to build unprecedented fraud empires that target both Thai nationals and international victims.

A recent surge in highly organized online scams running out of Southeast Asia has escalated into what experts are calling a global “scamdemic,” with billions of dollars stolen, hundreds of thousands of victims, and entire communities in Thailand and across the region at risk. The phenomenon, driven largely by transnational criminal networks, is now recognized as a crisis threatening personal safety, national security, and international cooperation.

What began as a relatively contained problem has exploded in scale and complexity, fueled by the COVID-19 pandemic, regulatory loopholes, and advances in digital communications. According to a report by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), fraud syndicates run primarily by Chinese organized crime have set up scam hubs in countries including Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and the Philippines, with operations increasingly targeting Thais and foreigners alike (VOA News). These criminal enterprises lure job seekers with false promises, only to force them into working in call center-like factories under threats of violence and, in some cases, death.

A new study published by BMC Public Health has revealed a dramatic rise in public attention toward infertility in China, using Baidu search data to map nationwide trends and public sentiment around reproductive health issues. As infertility rates have soared from 7.5% in 2007 to an estimated 18.2% in 2020—now affecting one in five Chinese couples of reproductive age—the demand for information and solutions is reaching new heights, underscoring both societal anxieties and gaps in healthcare infrastructure. The findings provide powerful insights for Thai policymakers and families as Thailand faces similar demographic transitions and a shifting culture around fertility and family planning.

A seismic shift is reverberating through the global scientific community as China firmly overtakes the United States to become the world’s leading science nation, marking a pivotal moment with profound ramifications for research, innovation, and international collaboration. This trend, explored in a recent commentary and substantiated by the latest data from the prestigious Nature Index, signals not just a changing of the guard but an acceleration of the gap in scientific output and influence between the two global superpowers.

China has unveiled sweeping updates to its value-added tax (VAT) refund scheme for international tourists, rolling out instant refunds in additional locations and making the process smoother and more enticing for overseas visitors. The new policy—effective from July 1, 2025—marks a major departure from the previous refund-upon-departure model, allowing eligible tourists to claim cash back directly at participating stores and select refund counters, rather than navigating cumbersome airport procedures. This change aims to attract greater numbers of foreign tourists, boost retail spending, and revitalize the local economy after several challenging years for China’s tourism industry.

China’s bold experiment in introducing artificial intelligence (AI) education to primary schoolers is sending shockwaves through classrooms—and corporate boardrooms—around the world. As six-year-olds in Beijing begin learning about the building blocks of AI, over 250 chief executives from top global companies, including Microsoft, Airbnb, and Uber, are demanding similar lessons for American students in the hopes of unlocking economic and social benefits on a global scale (Fortune, MSN). The move marks a pivotal moment not just for the United States, which is now scrambling to keep pace, but for Thailand and the wider world, where the question is no longer whether AI belongs in childhood education—but when and how.

In a sweeping move to uphold the integrity of its gaokao college entrance examinations, China’s leading artificial intelligence companies temporarily suspended several AI chatbot services during the nation’s high-stress exam period, according to multiple reports including The Verge and Bloomberg. This sudden deactivation of key AI features marks a significant line of defense in the global battle against high-tech academic dishonesty, with important implications for countries like Thailand, where similar challenges are poised to reshape the educational landscape.

A unique and controversial exercise known as the “hanging neck” workout is making headlines in China, capturing the attention of health professionals and the general public across Asia. The trend, in which elderly participants suspend themselves by their necks from tree branches or fitness bars, was spotlighted after multiple accounts surfaced online touting its supposed benefits for neck and back pain—but also, alarmingly, after news broke of a tragic death resulting from the practice (Times of India).

A prominent gynaecologist in southern China has captured widespread attention—and sparked a lively online debate—with an unconventional approach to women’s health: he recently recommended that women suffering from low energy and stress should look at muscular men as a form of visual therapy to enhance mood and relieve stress, according to a report by MoneyControl and other regional news outlets (MoneyControl, NDTV, South China Morning Post).

The doctor’s advice, delivered with a mix of humor and seriousness in a recent viral video, comes at a time when mental health and stress management are dominating public discourse—both globally and in Thailand. For Thai readers contending with high rates of workplace stress, urban fatigue, and the pressure to maintain “phu-ying suay” (female beauty and poise), any new approach to boosting well-being is bound to pique curiosity.

A striking new trend in China, known as “reverse parenting,” is capturing attention worldwide as children take the reins of household responsibilities, preparing meals, cleaning, and even shopping for groceries — all while their parents look on with approval. This shift challenges traditional family roles and is backed by educators and mental health experts who argue that giving children more responsibility can instill independence, self-sufficiency, empathy, and discipline (News18; South China Morning Post (SCMP); India Today).