#Diagnosis

Recent headlines and casual conversations have echoed a remarkable observation: “Everyone seems to have autism these days.” At first glance, the increasing numbers of autism diagnoses — with one study reporting a 787% rise between 1998 and 2018 — might suggest a sudden surge in neurodivergence among both children and adults. However, new research and expert commentary reveal a far more nuanced story, one that is reshaping both medical practice and public perceptions in Thailand and beyond.

Autism awareness is growing, but the numbers are not a sudden epidemic. A widely cited figure from the past suggests a 787% rise in autism diagnoses between 1998 and 2018. Experts say this reflects improved recognition and broader understanding of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) rather than a sharp increase in new cases. The implication is clear for Thai readers: better screening and support, not fear.

Improved screening and broader diagnostic criteria explain much of the visibility. Traditional definitions often captured only the most obvious cases, missing those with subtler or atypical presentations. As awareness expands, more women, adults, and individuals with non-traditional symptoms are diagnosed and connected with services. In Thailand, stories of adults seeking assessments after years of masking mirror global shifts toward understanding diverse autistic experiences.

A growing body of research and clinical observation suggests that adult ADHD diagnosis is becoming increasingly inclusive – and contrary to common fears, it is not being overdiagnosed. As reported in a recent essay by a US clinical psychologist published on Aeon (aeon.co), the COVID-19 pandemic, rising mental health awareness, and shifts in diagnostic frameworks have all contributed to sharp increases in adult ADHD diagnoses worldwide, with profound implications for healthcare systems, patients, and policymakers, including those in Thailand.

A growing body of research suggests that adult ADHD identification is becoming more inclusive rather than overdiagnosed. The latest analysis indicates that higher awareness, evolving diagnostic frameworks, and pandemic-driven shifts in daily life have expanded recognition of ADHD in adults. This trend has implications for healthcare systems, patients, and policymakers, including in Thailand.

The surge in awareness gained traction in 2023 when new national data showed a record share of adults reporting an ADHD diagnosis. Stimulant prescriptions rose in parallel, and conversations about ADHD surged online, with billions of views on social media. Similar patterns are emerging worldwide, including in Thailand, where work, study, and home life are placing greater demands on adults.

Receiving the right psychiatric diagnosis can be life-changing, yet for many sufferers of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), this clarity comes years after symptoms first appear. Recent revelations and mounting research highlight the widespread misdiagnosis of OCD as general anxiety disorder—a trend that has profound consequences for mental health treatment across the globe, including in Thailand.

The latest publicised case is recounted by a UK health reporter whose experiences echo the challenges many OCD patients face. For years, the journalist’s persistent, distressing intrusive thoughts were brushed aside as “just anxiety” by doctors and therapists. Only after seeking specialist help, and on the advice of an OCD-trained psychologist, did she receive an accurate diagnosis—a development that she described as “life-changing” (Daily Mail).

A breakthrough from a leading U.S. university promises to redefine how Alzheimer’s is diagnosed and monitored. Researchers describe a blood test that identifies the disease and tracks its progression, offering a less invasive and potentially more affordable option. For Thailand, with an aging population, such a tool could help healthcare systems scale screening and early intervention.

Alzheimer’s disease slowly erodes memory and cognitive function. Traditional diagnosis combines cognitive assessments, brain imaging, and sometimes invasive procedures to detect hallmark proteins such as amyloid-beta and tau. These methods may miss early signs when treatment is most effective.

In a groundbreaking development, researchers at Washington University (WashU) Medicine in St. Louis have unveiled a novel blood test capable of diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease and assessing its progression. This advancement has the potential to transform how the disease is detected and managed globally, including in Thailand, where the aging population presents unique healthcare challenges.

Alzheimer’s disease is a debilitating condition that affects over 55 million individuals worldwide, fundamentally impairing memory and cognitive function. Traditionally, diagnosis has relied on a combination of cognitive tests, brain imaging, and the detection of specific proteins like amyloid-beta and tau through invasive procedures. However, these approaches often fail to catch the disease early when intervention could be most beneficial.