#Globalhealth

A sweeping policy update from the World Health Organization aims to curb adolescent pregnancies and improve girls’ health worldwide. The guidance could reshape maternal and reproductive health efforts in Thailand, where teenage pregnancy remains a persistent challenge that intersects health, education, and social equity.

Why this matters for Thailand Adolescent pregnancy is a public health concern in Thailand, with tolls beyond childbirth. Thailand’s Ministry of Public Health notes that thousands of girls under 19 become mothers each year, risking health complications, interrupted education, and long-term poverty. In rural and low-income communities, stigma, limited access to contraception, and gaps in sex education worsen the problem. The WHO guidelines offer governments evidence-based tools—such as comprehensive sexuality education and expanded reproductive health services—adaptable to Thailand’s diverse contexts.

The World Health Organization (WHO) has just unveiled an ambitious new policy guideline aimed at preventing adolescent pregnancies and enhancing the overall health of girls globally, a move that could reshape the landscape of maternal and reproductive health in countries like Thailand. With teenage pregnancy rates posing persistent risks for young people’s health, education, and socioeconomic prospects, these latest guidelines come at a crucial moment for Thai society, where the challenge remains deeply rooted and multilayered [WHO - New guideline to prevent adolescent pregnancies].

An intensifying mental health crisis among American youth has pushed hundreds of desperate parents to an agonizing decision: relinquishing custody of their own children to the state, simply to obtain the urgent, specialized mental health care unavailable to them otherwise. Recent stories brought to light by USA TODAY, including the harrowing experience of Nina Richtman in Iowa, highlight not only immense personal suffering but also systemic gaps in health and social support across the United States, reverberating with important lessons for Thai families, policymakers, and healthcare providers alike (USA TODAY 2025).

Three more U.S. states—Louisiana, Virginia, and Missouri—reported their first measles cases of 2025, signaling a broader resurgence. Public health officials say the outbreak now involves at least 27 states, with about 800 confirmed cases. Most cases occur in people who are unvaccinated or whose vaccination status is unknown. Hospitals have seen rising admissions and a small number of fatalities. The surge highlights how quickly measles can spread when vaccination coverage dips and how international travel can seed local outbreaks. In Thailand, a similar pattern has prompted renewed focus on vaccination and outbreak readiness, as reported by national health authorities and international partners.

Three more US states—Louisiana, Virginia, and Missouri—confirmed their first measles cases of 2025 over the weekend, pushing the current outbreak to over half of all US states and marking one of the most significant resurgences in recent years. According to a report by UPI, the total number of confirmed cases across at least 27 states has climbed to 800, with the vast majority being either unvaccinated or of unknown vaccination status. This growing crisis reflects deeper global trends in vaccine coverage and highlights crucial public health lessons for Thailand, where measles cases have also risen sharply over the last two years (UPI, CDC).

As the annual tick season approaches in North America, a rare but dangerous virus is attracting mounting attention: Powassan virus. While this tick-borne illness remains uncommon, recent research and rising case reports point to growing concerns that reverberate beyond Western borders—and carry valuable warnings for Thailand as well.

Powassan virus, primarily transmitted by blacklegged ticks, has been recognized as one of the most serious tick-borne diseases in the United States, despite its rarity. Last year, Minnesota reported a record 14 cases, the highest count since 2008 when official recordkeeping began. According to Minnesota Department of Health data, while most years saw fewer than five cases, a slow but concerning uptick has prompted both local and national action. “The risks are relatively low, however, all the tick prevention that you would do to keep yourself from getting one of those more common diseases will also help keep you safe from getting Powassan,” Elizabeth Schiffman, an epidemiologist supervisor at the Minnesota Department of Health, emphasized in a recent interview (Star Tribune).

A rare but serious tick-borne virus is drawing global attention as tick season begins in North America. Powassan virus, while uncommon, has sparked concern among researchers and public health officials for its potential impact beyond its initial hotspots—and for what it could teach Thailand about preparedness and surveillance.

Powassan virus is mainly carried by blacklegged ticks. It is considered one of the most dangerous tick-borne diseases in the United States, even though cases remain relatively few. Last year, Minnesota reported a record 14 cases, the highest since nationwide recordkeeping began in 2008. Data from Minnesota’s health authorities shows a gradual uptick, prompting both local and national responses. An epidemiologist from the Minnesota Department of Health notes that standard tick prevention measures also reduce Powassan risk, underscoring the universal value of protective practices.

A growing crisis in youth mental health in the United States has driven hundreds of parents to make an agonizing choice: surrender custody to the state in hopes of securing urgent, specialized care their families cannot access otherwise. National reporting highlights cases like Nina Richtman’s in Iowa, revealing deep systemic gaps in health, social support, and child welfare that resonate with Thai families, policymakers, and healthcare providers seeking better outcomes at home.

A first measles case in Virginia for 2025 has drawn renewed attention to the return of a vaccine-preventable disease. Health officials in Virginia announced the case on 19 April 2025, underscoring the need to keep immunization rates high. This development is relevant for Thai families and healthcare providers amid global travel, vaccine hesitancy, and evolving infectious disease risks.

Measles remains one of the most contagious viruses, spreading through the air and causing fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and a distinctive rash. Complications can be severe, including pneumonia and brain inflammation, particularly for young children and those with weakened immune systems. Global health authorities warn that declining vaccination rates and disruptions to routine immunizations during the COVID-19 era have contributed to pockets of outbreaks across multiple regions. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicate that most recent measles cases in the United States were unvaccinated or under-immunized, highlighting a persistent risk where gaps exist.

The US state of Virginia has reported its first confirmed measles case for 2025, raising fresh concerns about the resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases. Health officials at the Virginia Department of Health announced the case on 19 April 2025, emphasizing the critical need to maintain high immunization rates. This news is not only significant for Americans, but offers urgent lessons for Thai families and healthcare providers in an era marked by global travel, vaccine hesitancy, and infectious disease risks.

Colombia has declared a nationwide health emergency after a sudden yellow fever outbreak. Officials report at least 34 deaths and 74 confirmed cases in 2025, signaling a sharp resurgence of a mosquito-borne illness in a region that had seen few cases in recent years. The response from the Colombian government underscores growing alarm and offers a cautionary lesson for Thailand, where Aedes-borne diseases are a constant concern.

Yellow fever is caused by a virus transmitted mainly by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes. Early symptoms often resemble those of dengue or Zika, including fever, muscle pain, and headaches. In severe cases, the disease can cause jaundice, bleeding, and organ failure. Mortality can be high in the most serious phase, a reminder of why vaccination and vector control are critical. Health authorities have noted that vaccination is required for travelers to high-risk areas during Easter, as uptake becomes a focal point of the national campaign.

Colombia has declared a nationwide health emergency following a sudden and deadly outbreak of yellow fever, with at least 34 deaths and 74 confirmed cases reported so far in 2025, according to official Colombian health authorities (BBC; Reuters). The government’s urgent response underscores growing alarm about the re-emergence of this mosquito-borne virus in a region that had seen virtually no cases in recent years—a trend that should serve as a wake-up call for countries like Thailand, also home to mosquito-borne diseases.

The specter of polio, a disease once on the brink of global eradication, is looming large yet again as new reports from 2025 reveal troubling spikes in Afghanistan and Pakistan, compounded by global aid disruptions and vaccine skepticism1. For Thai readers, these developments sound an urgent warning: even diseases thought to be “conquered” can return if public health vigilance lapses, offering a stark lesson relevant to Thailand’s ongoing immunization efforts and pandemic preparedness.

Polio, once nearing global eradication, now faces renewed risk as reports from 2025 highlight spikes in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The disruptions to aid campaigns and rising vaccine skepticism threaten progress and offer a crucial lesson for Thailand’s immunization and pandemic preparedness.

Despite decades of effort, polio has never fully left the world. The latest warnings focus on Pakistan and Afghanistan—the last two nations with active wild polio transmission. In 2024, Pakistan saw a sharp rise in cases, while Afghanistan reported dozens of infections, underscoring how operational challenges and vaccination gaps persist. Early 2025 figures show continued, though smaller, case numbers, reminding health officials that the virus can rebound with the right conditions.

Two recent deaths in Hood River County, Oregon, have reignited concern over Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a rare but devastating brain disorder that continues to puzzle medical experts worldwide. Local health officials announced that the fatalities were confirmed cases of CJD, a condition known for its rapid mental decline, neurological symptoms, and inevitable fatal outcome. News of these cases has caused unease not only among the local community in Oregon, where CJD remains exceedingly uncommon, but also for people in Thailand and globally who follow emerging infectious disease threats closely, particularly those with parallels to previous public health scares like mad cow disease.

Two fatalities in Hood River County, Oregon, have renewed concern about Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), a rare but devastating brain disorder. Local health officials confirmed these as CJD cases, underscoring how rapidly the disease can progress and its grim prognosis. The news unsettles residents in Oregon, and resonates with audiences in Thailand and around the world who track emerging infectious threats and past food-safety scares.

CJD is among the world’s rarest neurodegenerative illnesses, affecting an estimated one to two people per million each year. It is a prion disease, caused by abnormal proteins that trigger normal brain proteins to misfold, resulting in irreversible brain damage. Early symptoms typically include rapidly progressive dementia, movement problems, and psychiatric changes. Public health authorities note that most patients die within a year of onset. While many cases arise sporadically, others are inherited or, in very rare instances, transmitted through contaminated medical instruments or nerve tissue. Authorities in Hood River County have stressed that there is no evidence of a broader public health risk, nor any link between the two patients or to potentially infectious materials.

The bustling world of A.D.H.D. diagnosis and treatment has come under fresh scrutiny as new research questions long-held beliefs about the disorder’s nature and treatment. A detailed New York Times article by Paul Tough, “Have We Been Thinking About A.D.H.D. All Wrong?,” dives deep into the evolving understanding of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (A.D.H.D.) and how it is frequently addressed through medical treatments, challenging the current paradigm with emerging scientific insights.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is undergoing re-examination as new research questions long-held assumptions about its nature and treatment. A recent New York Times piece by Paul Tough, Have We Been Thinking About ADHD All Wrong?, probes how the disorder is identified and managed, challenging prevailing approaches with fresh scientific insights.

ADHD diagnoses rose sharply in recent decades, from about 3% of American children in the early 1990s to roughly 11% today. The surge coincates with the 1990s, when stimulant medications such as Ritalin became widely prescribed. The landmark Multimodal Treatment of ADHD (MTA) study initially supported stimulant use for symptom relief. Yet long-term follow-ups raised questions about the durability and scope of medication benefits, with researchers including psychologist James Swanson highlighting evolving concerns.

In an extraordinary leap that defies once-held beliefs about the limits of brain research, scientists have successfully mapped the structure and captured the cellular activity of a cubic millimeter of a mouse’s brain. This advancement, which seemed impossible 46 years ago, is a testament to the rapid evolution of neuroscience. The endeavor, resulting in a staggering 1.6 petabytes of data—equivalent to 22 years of nonstop high-definition video—has been heralded as a significant milestone for future brain mapping projects, paving the way for even greater discoveries.

A groundbreaking study has mapped the structure and captured cellular activity within a cubic millimeter of a mouse brain. This precision, once thought unattainable, illustrates how far neuroscience has progressed and generated about 1.6 petabytes of data, roughly equivalent to 22 years of nonstop high-definition video. The achievement is seen as a milestone that could accelerate larger, future brain mapping projects.

The work connects to longstanding questions about brain matter. While Nobel laureate Francis Crick doubted the feasibility of fully understanding such tiny tissue, a large international collaboration now shows that detailed brain mapping is within reach. The team’s findings focus on a region that processes visual information in mice, offering deep insights into how neurons communicate.

A new scientific breakthrough shows Spirulina can be bioengineered to produce biologically active vitamin B12, a nutrient previously limited to animal-based foods. The study, led by Dr. Asaf Tzachor of Reichman University and supported by Discover Food, involves a collaboration with researchers from Iceland, Denmark, and Austria. They cultivated a photonic process that yields a photosynthetically controlled Spirulina biomass rich in active vitamin B12, offering a carbon-neutral, plant-based source with levels comparable to beef.

In a groundbreaking development with vast potential to reshape global nutrition and food sustainability, a team of scientists has successfully bioengineered Spirulina to produce biologically active vitamin B12, typically found only in animal products. This advancement is highlighted in new research from Discover Food and spearheaded by Dr. Asaf Tzachor from Reichman University in collaboration with scientists from Iceland, Denmark, and Austria. This coalition has effectively cultivated a photosynthetically controlled form of Spirulina that provides a carbon-neutral, nutrient-rich biomass with active vitamin B12 levels comparable to those in beef.

A wave of new research strengthens the link between the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic condition that affects millions globally. The connection was first highlighted by a team led by Professor Alberto Ascherio, who analyzed data from about 10 million former U.S. military personnel. The findings show that MS often emerges as a delayed consequence of EBV infection, one of the most common viruses in the world and a member of the herpes family.

In recent groundbreaking research, scientists have reinforced the link between the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and multiple sclerosis (MS), a debilitating disease affecting millions worldwide. This connection, initially identified by Professor Alberto Ascherio and his team, stems from their meticulous analysis of data from 10 million former military personnel in the United States. The study revealed that MS in individuals is almost consistently a delayed response following EBV infection, which is one of the most common viruses globally and a member of the herpes family.