#InfectiousDiseases

A sharp rise in severe Vibrio vulnificus infections on the U.S. Gulf Coast has strained medical facilities from Louisiana to Florida, with dozens of cases and multiple deaths reported this year. The outbreak is linked to warm seawater and the consumption of raw or undercooked shellfish, especially oysters. Thai public health authorities and coastal communities now face similarities in environment and livelihoods that heighten local risk.

Vibrio vulnificus can infect people through direct contact with contaminated seawater or by eating contaminated seafood. Infections often begin with intense gastrointestinal symptoms or fever and can progress rapidly to serious tissue damage. In severe cases, individuals may require emergency surgery and face life-threatening sepsis. Health authorities emphasize that rapid diagnosis and treatment are crucial for survival.

Catastrophic surge in lethal flesh-eating bacterial infections caused by Vibrio vulnificus has overwhelmed Gulf Coast medical systems across Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida, with 32 confirmed cases and eight tragic deaths reported as of July 2025, representing a dramatic escalation that echoes alarming global trends and raises urgent concerns for Thailand’s extensive coastlines where similar environmental conditions create perfect breeding grounds for these dangerous marine pathogens. This unprecedented outbreak, linked primarily to warm saltwater exposure and consumption of contaminated raw shellfish, particularly oysters, demands immediate attention from Thai public health authorities and coastal communities whose livelihoods depend on marine resources and tourism.

A surge in dangerous infections caused by the “flesh-eating” bacterium Vibrio vulnificus has rocked Gulf Coast states in the US, with 32 cases and eight reported deaths across Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida as of July 2025, according to state health officials. The outbreak, which marks a notable increase over previous years, is linked primarily to warm saltwater exposure and the consumption of raw shellfish, particularly oysters—a scenario that echoes broader global trends and sparks concern among public health experts across coastal regions, including Thailand and Southeast Asia.

A landmark study from a leading health institute shows that beta HPV, a common skin virus, can directly drive skin cancer in individuals with severely weakened immune systems. Published in a top medical journal, the findings reshape our understanding of how some skin cancers develop and underscore the need for vigilant monitoring among at-risk groups. For Thai readers, the research aligns with rising non-melanoma skin cancer rates and increasing use of immunosuppressive therapies in the region.

A groundbreaking study from the National Institutes of Health in the United States has confirmed for the first time that a form of human papillomavirus (HPV) commonly found on the skin—beta HPV—can directly cause skin cancer in individuals with severely weakened immune systems. The findings, published recently in the New England Journal of Medicine, have significant implications for how some skin cancers may develop and reinforce the importance of vigilant health monitoring in immunocompromised populations. For Thai readers, this development is particularly relevant given the rising rates of both non-melanoma skin cancer and immunosuppressive conditions in the region.

A sweeping new international study has found that emergency vaccination programmes launched to counter outbreaks of Ebola, measles, cholera, yellow fever, and meningitis have slashed global deaths and infections from these deadly diseases by nearly 60% over the last 23 years. Researchers say the impact does not stop with lives saved—swift vaccine deployment has yielded economic savings estimated at billions of dollars, marking vaccines as not only a public health triumph but also a cost-effective shield against disruptive epidemics (BBC News).

In a sobering assessment this week, a leading US infectious disease expert declared that the world may have moved into a “post-herd immunity” era for measles, as vaccination gaps spark resurgent outbreaks across multiple countries. The statement comes as the United States faces its worst measles outbreak in decades, with more than 930 cases reported this year alone—a harbinger that the protective barrier of community immunity is crumbling (The Guardian, MSN).

A leading US infectious disease expert warns the world may have entered a “post-herd immunity” era for measles as vaccination gaps spark renewed outbreaks. The United States is contending with its worst measles surge in decades, with more than 930 cases reported this year. The warning underscores how gaps in vaccination can erode community protection and fuel transmission even in previously controlled regions.

For Thai readers, this development matters because declining vaccine coverage worldwide raises the risk of measles returning to countries that had long controlled the disease. Measles had been declared eliminated in many regions thanks to sustained vaccination campaigns, but recent disruptions and misinformation have dented uptake. In the United States and parts of Europe, vaccination rates have fallen below the 95 percent threshold needed for herd immunity, raising concerns about localized outbreaks and spillover to other regions, including Southeast Asia.

The alarming drop in childhood vaccination rates is raising fresh fears of infectious disease resurgence in Thailand and around the world. According to recent research highlighted by international health experts, the downward trend in routine immunizations is leaving populations increasingly vulnerable to outbreaks of preventable illnesses such as measles and polio, marking a pivotal moment for public health systems globally, including Thailand (WIRED).

This issue is especially crucial for Thai families and policymakers in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic, which disrupted health services and shifted public attention away from routine childhood immunizations. Historically, Thailand has celebrated strong immunization coverage, credited with eradicating diseases such as polio within its borders and sharply reducing cases of measles and diphtheria. However, the latest developments suggest these hard-won gains may now be at risk should the pattern mirror the global decline.

A recent story making international headlines details how a man developed a severe skin condition after wearing unwashed thrifted clothing, sparking new concern over the health risks associated with second-hand fashion. This case has resonated with Thai consumers as the popularity of second-hand shops continues to grow amid economic uncertainty and a burgeoning sustainability movement.

According to the New York Post, the individual reportedly began experiencing serious dermatological symptoms, including intense itching, a rash, and swelling, shortly after donning garments bought from a thrift store. Subsequent medical examination confirmed the presence of a transmissible skin infection attributed to pathogens remaining on pre-owned clothes. The precise diagnosis was not disclosed, but experts often cite risks such as scabies, fungi, or bacterial infections in similar cases.

A recent international story highlights a severe skin condition after wearing unwashed thrifted clothing, drawing attention to potential health risks in second-hand fashion. The case has resonated in Thailand, where thrift stores and vintage markets have grown amid economic pressures and a sustainability wave.

In the cited report, a man developed serious dermatological symptoms—itching, a rash, and swelling—shortly after purchasing garments from a thrift shop. Medical examinations indicated a transmissible skin infection linked to pathogens that can linger on pre-owned clothes. While the exact diagnosis wasn’t disclosed, experts commonly cite risks such as mites, fungal infections, and bacteria in similar scenarios.

A recent discovery in Greenville, North Carolina has put public health surveillance techniques in the spotlight: wastewater samples from a local sewage plant have tested positive for Mpox, the virus formerly known as monkeypox, specifically identifying the clade I strain. The samples, collected between late March and early April, point to the potential presence of the virus in the community, even though no clinical Mpox cases have been officially reported so far. Local health officials are now urging healthcare providers to be vigilant for possible symptoms and to quickly report any suspected infections (WRAL; ABC11).

As the annual tick season approaches in North America, a rare but dangerous virus is attracting mounting attention: Powassan virus. While this tick-borne illness remains uncommon, recent research and rising case reports point to growing concerns that reverberate beyond Western borders—and carry valuable warnings for Thailand as well.

Powassan virus, primarily transmitted by blacklegged ticks, has been recognized as one of the most serious tick-borne diseases in the United States, despite its rarity. Last year, Minnesota reported a record 14 cases, the highest count since 2008 when official recordkeeping began. According to Minnesota Department of Health data, while most years saw fewer than five cases, a slow but concerning uptick has prompted both local and national action. “The risks are relatively low, however, all the tick prevention that you would do to keep yourself from getting one of those more common diseases will also help keep you safe from getting Powassan,” Elizabeth Schiffman, an epidemiologist supervisor at the Minnesota Department of Health, emphasized in a recent interview (Star Tribune).

A rare but serious tick-borne virus is drawing global attention as tick season begins in North America. Powassan virus, while uncommon, has sparked concern among researchers and public health officials for its potential impact beyond its initial hotspots—and for what it could teach Thailand about preparedness and surveillance.

Powassan virus is mainly carried by blacklegged ticks. It is considered one of the most dangerous tick-borne diseases in the United States, even though cases remain relatively few. Last year, Minnesota reported a record 14 cases, the highest since nationwide recordkeeping began in 2008. Data from Minnesota’s health authorities shows a gradual uptick, prompting both local and national responses. An epidemiologist from the Minnesota Department of Health notes that standard tick prevention measures also reduce Powassan risk, underscoring the universal value of protective practices.

Wastewater testing in Greenville, North Carolina has detected Mpox, specifically the clade I strain, in samples collected from late March to early April. While no clinical Mpox cases have been officially reported in the area, health officials stress vigilance among clinicians and rapid reporting of suspected infections. This development underscores wastewater-based surveillance as a powerful tool for early outbreak detection.

Thailand and other countries watching infectious diseases should take note. Wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) gained prominence during the COVID-19 era and continues to reveal hidden viral activity by capturing signals from individuals who are pre-symptomatic or have mild infections. According to experts in North Carolina, the presence of clade I mpox virus in wastewater suggests the virus may be circulating locally, even without confirmed cases.

Colombia has declared a nationwide health emergency after a sudden yellow fever outbreak. Officials report at least 34 deaths and 74 confirmed cases in 2025, signaling a sharp resurgence of a mosquito-borne illness in a region that had seen few cases in recent years. The response from the Colombian government underscores growing alarm and offers a cautionary lesson for Thailand, where Aedes-borne diseases are a constant concern.

Yellow fever is caused by a virus transmitted mainly by Aedes and Haemagogus mosquitoes. Early symptoms often resemble those of dengue or Zika, including fever, muscle pain, and headaches. In severe cases, the disease can cause jaundice, bleeding, and organ failure. Mortality can be high in the most serious phase, a reminder of why vaccination and vector control are critical. Health authorities have noted that vaccination is required for travelers to high-risk areas during Easter, as uptake becomes a focal point of the national campaign.

Colombia has declared a nationwide health emergency following a sudden and deadly outbreak of yellow fever, with at least 34 deaths and 74 confirmed cases reported so far in 2025, according to official Colombian health authorities (BBC; Reuters). The government’s urgent response underscores growing alarm about the re-emergence of this mosquito-borne virus in a region that had seen virtually no cases in recent years—a trend that should serve as a wake-up call for countries like Thailand, also home to mosquito-borne diseases.

The specter of polio, a disease once on the brink of global eradication, is looming large yet again as new reports from 2025 reveal troubling spikes in Afghanistan and Pakistan, compounded by global aid disruptions and vaccine skepticism1. For Thai readers, these developments sound an urgent warning: even diseases thought to be “conquered” can return if public health vigilance lapses, offering a stark lesson relevant to Thailand’s ongoing immunization efforts and pandemic preparedness.

Polio, once nearing global eradication, now faces renewed risk as reports from 2025 highlight spikes in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The disruptions to aid campaigns and rising vaccine skepticism threaten progress and offer a crucial lesson for Thailand’s immunization and pandemic preparedness.

Despite decades of effort, polio has never fully left the world. The latest warnings focus on Pakistan and Afghanistan—the last two nations with active wild polio transmission. In 2024, Pakistan saw a sharp rise in cases, while Afghanistan reported dozens of infections, underscoring how operational challenges and vaccination gaps persist. Early 2025 figures show continued, though smaller, case numbers, reminding health officials that the virus can rebound with the right conditions.

A recent study in a leading medical journal highlights a surge in invasive Group A Streptococcus infections in ten U.S. states. The report covers about 35 million people over ten years and shows cases doubling since 2022. For Thai audiences, this underscores the importance of understanding alert signs and preventive care in a globally connected world.

The condition is linked to necrotizing fasciitis, a serious infection that destroys soft tissue, and sepsis, a life-threatening response to infection. Although the rise is outside Thailand, the findings emphasize vigilance at home, especially as international travel and trade rise. Public health experts stress the need for timely medical attention when symptoms appear.

A recent study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association has raised alarms over the increasing prevalence of invasive Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections, more infamously known as the flesh-eating disease, across ten states in the United States. This extensive research, covering around 35 million people over a decade, reports a worrying trend with cases doubling since 2022. For Thai readers, understanding the nature of this disease and its potential implications is crucial in a globally connected world where diseases can swiftly cross borders.

The threat of measles is looming larger than ever with rising unvaccination rates posing significant public health risks worldwide. An enlightening report by The New York Times describes the grim reality of measles infection, specifically targeting unvaccinated children. Given the highly infectious nature of this virus, the findings are particularly poignant for Thailand, where vaccination campaigns have been critical in the past.

Measles, known as one of the most infectious viruses globally, requires no direct contact to spread. A simple stroll through a room where an infected individual was present could lead to transmission through inhaled droplets. The report highlighted that 90% of unvaccinated individuals exposed to measles will contract it. For Thailand, where public spaces such as markets and schools are pivotal in daily life, understanding this transmission dynamic is crucial in preventing outbreaks.

Measles remains highly contagious, and unvaccinated children are especially at risk. A recent analysis highlights how quickly measles can spread in communities with low vaccination coverage, a situation that could affect Thailand’s crowded markets, schools, and festivals.

Measles is one of the most infectious viruses, spreading through airborne droplets. Research shows that among those exposed who lack immunity, a large majority can become infected. For Thailand, understanding transmission in public spaces—markets, schools, and transport hubs—helps families and local authorities plan effective safeguards.