#Labourmarket

Thailand’s aspiring tech professionals have long looked to computer science as a sure path to lucrative employment. However, new research suggests this once-reliable route may be faltering—reflecting unexpected global shifts that are raising urgent questions for education policy and career planning in the Kingdom. According to a recent report by the New York Federal Reserve, unemployment rates among recent computer science (CS) and computer engineering graduates in the United States have surged, ranking among the highest for all majors and exposing vulnerabilities in the supposed “future-proof” tech job market (New York Fed).

A new wave of social science research suggests that demographic inertia among older consumers, the pitfalls of chasing trendy college majors, and even political gerrymandering are subtly but powerfully influencing business and education landscapes worldwide, with clear implications for Thailand. Recent studies highlighted in a Boston Globe summary raise concerns about Thailand’s entrepreneurial future, university graduates’ career paths, and the role of psychological traits in shaping academic debates.

Thailand, like many developed economies, is fast becoming a “super-aged” society. By 2024, over 20% of Thais were aged 60 or older, a proportion forecast to climb further in the coming decades World Bank. According to a May 2025 National Bureau of Economic Research report by University of Pennsylvania economists, this shift has much more than just social policy implications—it may also chill the prospects for new businesses. Their findings: older consumers are less willing to try new brands and products, leading to fewer startups and less competition in markets with aging customer bases (Bornstein, G., “Entry and Profits in an Aging Economy: The Role of Consumer Inertia,” NBER, May 2025).

Thailand’s push to make coding a passport to good jobs has shaped student choices for years. New global findings, however, suggest that the popular belief in “learn to code” securing a bright future may be shifting. A recent assessment indicates rising unemployment among new computer science and computer engineering graduates in the United States, a development that prompts reflection on education policy and career planning in Thailand.

This matters for Thai readers because the country has aggressively expanded digital literacy and coding curricula in schools and higher education. Policymakers have urged students to embrace coding as a pathway to stable wages, a view echoed by Thai parents, teachers, and students. Enrollment in university CS programs climbed, while private coding schools expanded in Bangkok and other provincial capitals. As global trends become clearer, Thailand must consider what these signals mean for its own education system and job market.

A fresh labor-market study challenges the long-held belief that STEM degrees are the sole path to secure jobs. Data from the New York Fed indicate nutrition, construction services, and animal/plant sciences graduates in the United States experienced very low unemployment in 2023. The findings, summarized for a broader audience, prompt Thai students and parents to reconsider how degree choices align with employability in a rapidly changing economy.

In 2023, graduates aged 22 to 27 across diverse fields posted surprisingly low unemployment in nontraditional areas. Nutrition sciences, construction services, and animal or plant sciences reported unemployment rates around 1 percent or lower. Meanwhile, some tech-heavy majors faced higher unemployment, with computer science, chemistry, and physics hovering at or above 6 percent, and computer engineering around 7.5 percent. The contrast underscores a labor market that rewards both technical skill and practical capability in sectors such as health, construction, and life sciences.

A new report has turned expectations about employability on their head, showing that graduates of nutrition, construction services, and animal/plant sciences have the lowest unemployment rates among recent U.S. college graduates—beating even traditional STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) fields such as chemistry and physics. The findings, released by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York and published in Entrepreneur on May 16, highlight changing dynamics in the labor market and have important implications for Thai students considering their future studies.

Amazon’s latest step in warehouse automation has reignited a critical discussion about the future of human work in an era increasingly dominated by artificial intelligence (AI) and robots. The unveiling of the company’s “Vulcan” robot — capable of “feeling” and performing complex tasks — not only signals Amazon’s ambition to automate physically demanding warehouse duties, but also offers a rare and telling glimpse into the new kinds of jobs that may emerge as AI reshapes the labour market. For Thai workers and businesses, this development holds significant lessons as the Kingdom seeks to navigate its own technological transformation.

Amazon’s introduction of the Vulcan robot is accelerating a global debate about how humans will work alongside AI and machines. The device is designed to handle physically demanding tasks while also supporting new roles in maintenance and oversight. For Thai workers and businesses, the story offers a blueprint for navigating automation while safeguarding livelihoods.

The company says Vulcan can reduce repetitive and ergonomically risky work, such as reaching high shelves or constant bending. Alongside this, Amazon announced retraining programs to help staff acquire skills in robotics maintenance and related fields. Company figures note that robots now fulfill a large share of order fulfillment tasks and have spurred the creation of new job categories like robotic floor monitors and onsite reliability maintenance engineers. The World Economic Forum has suggested that while AI and automation may displace millions of jobs globally, they could also generate substantial new opportunities.

A surge in artificial intelligence is reshaping jobs across industries, not just in tech hubs. Experts warn that anyone who works with words, data, or ideas should begin preparing for change. A recent opinion piece in a major U.S. newspaper emphasizes that the window for proactive action may be shorter than many expect, urging readers to build resilience now.

AI is already displacing some coding and content creation roles previously seen as safe from automation. What sets today apart is the speed of development; knowledge that felt current last year can become outdated within months. A respected professor from a leading business school notes that even with no further AI advances, the next decade will bring major shifts across professions. Yet many in the industry believe ongoing progress is likely.

As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies surge ahead at a blistering pace, it is no longer just software engineers and tech sector insiders who need to worry about their jobs being disrupted—according to leading experts, everyone whose work involves words, data, or ideas must begin preparing to adapt. The urgency of this message comes through powerfully in a recent opinion column in The Washington Post, which warns that the period of “grace” may be much shorter than many professionals realize (Washington Post, 2025).