Narcissism Reimagined: 30 Years of Research Unveil Two Faces and a Broad Spectrum
Narcissism, once cast mainly as a clinical disorder trudging through therapy rooms, has undergone a dramatic transformation in the past three decades. The latest reflections from the field summarize a striking shift: narcissism is not a single, locked-in trait but a spectrum with two well-documented faces. One is bold and grandiose—an outward swagger that longs for admiration and rewards. The other is vulnerable and hypersensitive—an inward tremor of insecurity masked by fragile self-esteem. Both sides emerge from a common core: a highly inflated sense of self-importance that skews how people see others and themselves. For Thai readers, this reframes familiar conversations about leadership, online behavior, family dynamics, and mental health in a country where harmony, respect, and social cohesion are deeply valued.