#Neurodevelopment

A new wave of research suggests that autism rates are not rising because more children are suddenly developing autism at an unprecedented pace, but because our ability to detect, name, and support these differences has grown dramatically. Large-scale analyses point to decades of improved screening, broader diagnostic criteria, and greater awareness as the primary drivers behind higher reported prevalence. Yet scientists caution that the story is nuanced: a genuine, small rise in some contexts cannot be ruled out, while social and health system factors reshape the numbers we see on every national chart. For Thai families, educators, and health workers, these findings matter because they translate into earlier help, better school inclusion, and more targeted support for children and their caregivers.

Children given greater access to green spaces before birth and during early years face significantly lower risks of neurodevelopmental disorders, according to new research from Rutgers University published this week in the journal Environment International. The study, which surveyed data from over 1.8 million mother–child pairs in the United States, reveals that exposure to lush, vegetated environments, measured down to the ZIP code level, can reduce rates of ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, and learning delays—even after factoring in socio-economic differences. For urban-dwelling families, particularly among Black and Hispanic populations, the effects are especially pronounced, suggesting a path forward for more equitable child health outcomes.

A large, peer-reviewed study in Environment International finds that greater access to green spaces before birth and through early childhood is associated with lower risks of neurodevelopmental disorders. Analyzing nearly 1.84 million mother–child pairs, researchers linked higher neighborhood green cover, measured at the ZIP code level, with reduced rates of ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, and learning delays. The protective effects persisted after adjusting for socio-economic factors, with stronger benefits seen among urban, Black, and Hispanic families.

A new international study indicates that prenatal exposure to common urban air pollutants could subtly influence fetal brain development during key stages of pregnancy. Published in The Lancet Planetary Health, the research urges stronger public health measures to reduce pollution exposure for pregnant people, with relevance for densely populated cities like Bangkok. Data from the Barcelona Life Study Cohort (BiSC) informed the findings, which examined pollutants such as NO₂, PM2.5, and black carbon using advanced ultrasound imaging in more than 750 mother–fetus pairs.

A groundbreaking international study has revealed that prenatal exposure to everyday urban air pollution may subtly alter fetal brain structures during critical phases of gestation. Published this week in The Lancet Planetary Health, the study adds urgency to public health calls for intensified efforts to reduce pollution exposure among pregnant individuals, highlighting both invisible threats to future generations and significant implications for densely populated cities like Bangkok (neurosciencenews.com).

The research, conducted by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal) in partnership with several major university hospitals, offers the most detailed portrait yet of how common pollutants — such as nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and black carbon — are associated with measurable, if subtle, changes in fetal brain morphology. By using advanced ultrasound imaging on over 750 mother-fetus pairs, scientists tracked variations in brain structure during the second and third trimesters, a window long recognized by neuroscientists as vital to brain development.

A comprehensive analysis finds that people with mental and neurodevelopmental disorders are about 50% more likely to be left-handed or mixed-handed than those without such diagnoses. The large synthesis draws on data from more than 202,000 individuals across 402 datasets and highlights a potential link between brain lateralization and mental health risk. The work is published in Psychological Bulletin and integrates findings from ten previous meta-analyses plus 33 newly released studies. Researchers tracked how handedness intersected with age, sex, diagnosis, and measurement methods to build a clearer picture of this complex relationship.

A sweeping new meta-analysis has revealed that individuals with mental or neurodevelopmental disorders are about 1.5 times more likely to exhibit non-right-handedness — meaning left-handedness or mixed-handedness — than the general population, sharpening the focus on how biological factors may intersect with mental health. Published in the prestigious journal Psychological Bulletin, the study synthesizes an unprecedented dataset drawn from over 202,000 people and provides fresh insights into the subtle ways brain development may be linked to mental health risk (psypost.org).

A groundbreaking new study has revealed that extremes in brain synchrony—either too much or too little—may underlie distinct subtypes of autism, offering Thai families, educators, and clinicians fresh hope for more tailored approaches to diagnosis and support. Published on 17 April 2025 in The Transmitter, the research used advanced brain imaging across twenty mouse models genetically engineered to mimic autism, with remarkable implications for understanding the diversity—or heterogeneity—of the autism spectrum in humans (The Transmitter, 2025).

A new study suggests that extreme brain synchrony—either too high or too low—may define distinct autism subtypes. The finding offers fresh hope for Thai families, educators, and clinicians seeking more personalized approaches to diagnosis and intervention. The research, published on 17 April 2025 in The Transmitter, used advanced brain imaging across twenty mouse models designed to mimic autism and explored how brain regions coordinate activity. The study’s implications extend to understanding the heterogeneity of autism in humans.

A new study from the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) introduces a brain organoid model that includes microglia, the brain’s immune cells. This addition enhances the model’s ability to simulate inflammation and improves prospects for safer pharmaceutical testing during pregnancy. The development is timely for global health and aligns with Thai prenatal care policy ambitions to refine safe medication guidelines for expectant mothers.

Historically, brain organoid models lacked microglia, limiting their accuracy in mimicking how the human brain responds to infections. By incorporating microglia, researchers can better understand how the developing nervous system reacts to infections such as Rubella, a concern for pregnant women due to potential fetal complications. In Thailand, where maternal and neonatal health remains a policy priority, this research supports national efforts to reduce congenital risks and strengthen prenatal care.

In a groundbreaking study from the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), researchers have developed an advanced brain organoid model that incorporates microglia—special cells that play a crucial role in monitoring and maintaining brain health, particularly during inflammatory responses. This development holds potential for transforming pharmaceutical testing, especially concerning drug safety for pregnant women. Given the absence of specific antiviral treatments for conditions like Rubella during pregnancy, this advancement is noteworthy for both local and global health communities.

In a groundbreaking study, researchers employing virtual reality (VR) and functional MRI have unveiled distinct neural communication patterns in children with ADHD, diverging significantly from traditional methods that focus on resting brain states. Conducted by a collaboration of European universities, including Aalto University, the research underscores the potential of dynamic diagnostic methods and gamified tools in transforming ADHD diagnosis and treatment.

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, remains a prevalent condition affecting many Thai children, characterized by symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Current diagnostic practices often rely on static brain imaging, which fails to capture the nuances of how these symptoms manifest in real-world interactions. This study marks a significant pivot towards understanding ADHD as an active neurodevelopmental disorder, where the brain’s interaction with the environment becomes a crucial diagnostic element.

A European partnership using virtual reality and functional MRI maps how children with ADHD communicate during active tasks, not just at rest. The study points to dynamic diagnostic methods and gamified tools that could reshape ADHD identification and treatment. For Thai readers, the findings suggest practical ways to tailor classroom and clinical interventions.

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, affects many Thai children and is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. Traditional assessments often rely on static brain imaging, which misses how symptoms unfold in real-life interactions. The research frames ADHD as a neurodevelopmental condition shaped by environmental engagement, offering a more holistic diagnostic perspective.