#Neuroscience

A groundbreaking new study is challenging the conventional wisdom about dopamine, a crucial brain chemical long believed to broadcast broad, sweeping signals throughout the brain. Using advanced microscopy techniques, researchers have revealed that dopamine may actually operate with remarkable surgical precision, finely targeting specific brain cells rather than acting as an indiscriminate messenger. This discovery offers significant new insights into how the brain controls movement, motivation, and learning—areas that are especially relevant to Thai readers interested in neurological health and the future of treatments for conditions such as Parkinson’s disease, addiction, and depression.

Groundbreaking research from Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf has illuminated the double-edged effects of stress: while it binds people more closely to their in-group, it simultaneously drives hostility toward perceived outsiders. Published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the findings provide a nuanced neurobiological perspective on why group conflicts—even when costly to all—remain so persistent worldwide. This research offers valuable insights into the psychological forces underpinning social divisions, with implications for Thai society and global communities navigating rising polarization.

As Thai families celebrate their children’s first loose tooth—a familiar childhood milestone—they may be witnessing another, far more hidden transformation: a dramatic shift in the child’s brain known as “wobbly-tooth puberty.” According to new research highlighted in sources such as the BBC’s recent feature and supported by studies published in Nature Human Behaviour, the age of six marks the beginning of “middle childhood,” a developmental stage long overlooked by scientists but now revealed to be a crucial turning point for both brain function and emotional intelligence (BBC Future; Nature).

A growing addiction to short-form online videos is literally changing the way our brains work, according to new research published in the journal NeuroImage and highlighted in a recent Forbes analysis. As bite-sized, attention-grabbing content becomes the norm across platforms such as TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts, psychologists and neuroscientists warn that the trend has significant implications for cognitive health—particularly among Thai youth and young adults who are some of the most avid users of these platforms in Southeast Asia.

A new neuroscience study suggests that feeling good while learning could be the key to remembering information more effectively—shedding fresh light on the powerful link between positive emotions and memory performance. According to ground-breaking research by scientists at Hangzhou Normal University and Nanjing Normal University, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, the human brain doesn’t just benefit from happy feelings; it builds stronger, more lasting memories because of them. For Thai students, educators, families, and individuals interested in boosting learning outcomes, these findings offer practical and culturally resonant strategies.

A new meta-analysis has shed light on the complex links between hormonal activity and psychopathic tendencies, raising the prospect of more nuanced approaches to identifying and supporting at-risk youth. The study, published in Psychology & Neuroscience, draws on 25 years of worldwide research and upends some previous assumptions about the biology of personality disorders, with potential implications for prevention and mental health services in Thailand and beyond (psypost.org).

At its core, the research reviewed studies examining the role of endocrine system hormones—such as cortisol, testosterone, estradiol, oxytocin, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)—in the development of psychopathic traits, especially during the sensitive years of adolescence and early adulthood. The strongest and most consistent finding was a statistically significant association between higher baseline levels of cortisol—the body’s primary stress hormone—and the impulsive, antisocial dimension of psychopathy.

For anyone who has struggled through an exhausting workout or high-stakes athletic event, the sensation that time stretches out—every minute crawling by—will be a familiar one. Now, new research published in the journal Brain and Behavior is shedding light on why our brains seem to play tricks on us during physically demanding activities. The study, led by a sports scientist from Canterbury Christ Church University in collaboration with researchers at the University of Groningen and Vrije University of Amsterdam, reveals that intense exercise distorts our sense of time, making external clocks run slow while our own bodies move at full speed (Earth.com).

Neuroscientists have uncovered fresh insights into the brain’s remarkable ability to juggle several pieces of information at once, revealing that our minds selectively devote more resources to items deemed important. The latest research, published in Science Advances on July 8, 2025, demonstrates that two major brain regions—the visual cortex and the frontal cortex—coordinate to ensure sharper memory for high-priority contents, while de-emphasizing those considered less critical. This discovery opens intriguing avenues in understanding not only basic neuroscience but also practical strategies to boost personal and educational performance for Thais in an increasingly information-rich world (PsyPost).

A recent research breakthrough suggests that stimulating the brain with weak electric currents could significantly enhance a person’s ability to learn mathematics, offering hope for new approaches to supporting students and adults struggling with numeracy. According to a report by The Hindu, the study revealed that applying gentle electrical stimulation to specific areas of the brain led to noticeable improvements in math learning for participants.

This development matters to Thai readers, especially as mathematics education remains a challenge for many students nationwide. Despite ongoing curriculum reforms and teacher training efforts, Thailand consistently scores below global averages in international math assessments such as the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) (World Bank). Finding innovative, evidence-based methods to improve mathematics performance is a high priority across the Thai education system, making research into brain stimulation particularly relevant.

A new wave of scientific research is shedding light on the psychological and neurobiological roots of ideological extremism, revealing that certain mental traits may make people more susceptible to radical beliefs. According to recent findings discussed in Big Think, renowned researcher Dr. Leor Zmigrod, author of the book “The Ideological Brain,” has identified four principal psychological markers that correlate closely with extremist ideologies: cognitive rigidity, emotional volatility, differences in the amygdala, and structural traits within the prefrontal cortex.

A wave of new research has reignited scientific and public debate on “dopamine deficits”—a phenomenon whereby modern lifestyles, shaped by omnipresent digital media and high-reward environments, dampen our capacity for pleasure and motivation. Experts now warn that this subtle neurological imbalance is widespread, with significant consequences for mental health, productivity, and daily happiness—even in thriving societies such as Thailand.

Dopamine, a neurotransmitter made in the brain, is central to how humans pursue pleasure and rewards. While it’s essential for motivation and goal-seeking, new studies suggest that an abundance of high-stimulation activities—ranging from social media scrolling to ultra-processed foods—hijacks this system, leading to a flatlining of mood and satisfaction. The result is a chronic state where familiar joys fade and ordinary accomplishments lose their spark, pushing individuals toward ever-greater stimulation just to feel “normal” CNN Health.

A groundbreaking new study has found that following a ketogenic diet can dramatically enhance brain health, increasing cerebral blood flow by 22% and boosting levels of a key brain growth factor, BDNF, by 47%. These impressive findings, originally reported by PsyPost, are sparking renewed interest in the potential of diet-based interventions to support cognitive function and prevent neurological disorders—a topic of immense interest to Thai readers, where concerns over dementia and stroke continue to rise.

In recent years, the hormone oxytocin has attracted widespread scientific attention for its profound influence on human health and happiness. Emerging research highlights practical, research-backed methods for naturally increasing oxytocin — offering Thais new insights into stress reduction, social connection, and overall well-being.

Often referred to as the “love hormone” or “cuddle chemical,” oxytocin plays a fundamental role not just in childbirth and maternal bonding but in everyday experiences of trust, empathy, and even physical healing. For Thai readers navigating urban stress, close family ties, and a society in transition, understanding how to unlock the benefits of oxytocin has never been more relevant. The latest research, as summarized in a comprehensive Boston Globe feature, explores both the science and practical daily actions anyone can take.

A groundbreaking study published in the peer-reviewed journal Science Advances has revealed that everything we perceive visually is not in real time, but actually an average of what we saw up to 15 seconds ago—a revelation that could fundamentally reshape our understanding of human perception and consciousness. This research, led by teams from the University of Aberdeen and University of California, Berkeley, suggests our brains constantly merge recent visual history to present us with a stable, coherent world—essentially tricking us into viewing a smooth, illusionary reality (Popular Mechanics; Science.org; UNILAD).

A newly published international study has confirmed what many Thais may intuitively sense—feeling good can actually help us remember more, even when the subject matter itself is boring or meaningless. In ground-breaking research led by scientists from Hangzhou Normal University and Nanjing Normal University, the team demonstrated that positive emotions during learning measurably enhance our ability to recall information, offering potential life-changing applications for students, teachers, and anyone aiming to boost brain power (Neuroscience News; MedicalXpress; News-Medical).

The prospect of hackers infiltrating the human brain, once a fixture of science fiction, is now edging closer to reality as advances in brain-computer interface (BCI) technology present both exciting possibilities and alarming vulnerabilities, a new wave of international neuroscience research has revealed. While Thai hospitals and technology agencies are beginning to experiment with neurotech applications for medical treatments and education, experts are sounding urgent warnings about the ethical and security risks that could soon face Thai citizens and institutions alike if safeguards are not put in place.

A groundbreaking study has found that applying mild electrical currents to the human brain—using a non-invasive method called transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS)—can significantly improve mathematics learning in university students. The research, conducted by a team at the University of Oxford and reported by Live Science, hints at the potential of this technique for at-home use in the future, though experts caution that more evidence is needed before such tools become widespread or mainstream (Live Science).

A groundbreaking new study has captured international attention, suggesting that what humans perceive in the present moment is actually a snapshot from up to 15 seconds in the past. This fascinating finding challenges longstanding assumptions about how the brain processes visual information and could have far-reaching implications for cognitive science, education, and even the design of safety protocols in everyday life (Times of India).

The research, conducted by a team of neuroscientists and recently highlighted in the international press, explores the mechanics of the brain’s ‘visual buffer’—a mental process where the brain accumulates and merges visual stimuli over a period of time. According to the study, rather than updating our internal picture of the world from instant to instant, our brains synthesize the last several seconds of visual inputs to create a stable, coherent scene. As a result, our conscious perception lags behind real-time events by approximately 15 seconds.

A groundbreaking study has revealed that scents can fundamentally alter decision-making in mammals by forging indirect associations in the brain—findings that may pave the way for innovative treatments for mental health conditions in humans. The new research, conducted by a multidisciplinary team led by a doctoral student and supervised by a leading neuroscientist, used behavioral experiments in mice to explore how the brain’s response to smells influences future choices—offering important insights for both science and society.

A prominent neuroscientist is challenging the long-held belief that running or interval-based “Jeffing” is the only path to robust cardiovascular health and increased longevity. In a recent YouTube discussion, a leading professor at Stanford University School of Medicine shared findings that suggest the path to healthy aging is simpler— and more accessible— than many Thais might realize. The secret? Regular, low-impact cardio in what’s called “Zone 2”—even simple brisk walking counts.

A groundbreaking new study has revealed the essential role of an immune molecule, interleukin 34 (IL34), in fine-tuning brain development—a discovery that could reshape understanding of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Conducted by researchers at Duke University and published in the journal Immunity on July 2, 2025, the study finds that IL34 acts as a key messenger, directing the brain’s own immune cells, known as microglia, on when and how to “prune” connections between neurons in early life. This process of synaptic pruning is fundamental, as it creates stronger, more efficient neural pathways underlying emotion, decision-making, and learning abilities (Duke University Medical School).

Latest scientific research is dismantling the myth that humans are “bad smellers,” revealing that our sense of smell is not only ancient but deeply intertwined with memory and emotion—a connection far richer than previously thought. This new understanding sheds light on how even a simple whiff of a familiar odor can instantly transport us back in time, evoking powerful memories and emotions, and opens the possibility of harnessing scents in therapeutic, educational, and cultural contexts in Thailand and beyond.

A groundbreaking study published in June 2025 is reshaping the way we think about physical activity, revealing that even those who “hate” exercise can train their brains to not only tolerate but actually enjoy working out. By leveraging the latest neuroscience and psychological techniques, researchers have demonstrated that our mental resistance to physical discomfort can be gradually recalibrated, making regular exercise more appealing and sustainable—even for the most sedentary individuals (SciTechDaily).

New research published in eNeuro reveals how the human brain tracks and navigates rapid emotional transitions, using music to illuminate the shifting neural landscapes behind our changing moods. This discovery, which highlights the powerful influence of previous emotional states on subsequent emotional experiences, holds promise for informing future therapies for mood disorders such as depression—conditions characterized by difficulty in shifting out of negative emotional states.

In a world where music soundtracks everything from daily commutes to spiritual rituals, the news that our brains process emotional music based on recent experiences is both intuitively familiar and scientifically groundbreaking. Thai readers, whose relationship with music spans mor lam and luk thung to Western pop, may find these findings particularly resonant, linking the local appreciation of musical storytelling with new understandings of mental health.