#Pediatrics

A simple question—Is whole milk or 2% “healthier”?—has resurfaced as new research challenges old assumptions about dairy fat. A recent explainer in Real Simple set out the basic differences and expert views, noting that whole milk (3.25% fat) has more calories and fat than 2% but otherwise similar nutrients; it also highlighted emerging evidence that full‑fat dairy may fit a heart‑healthy diet for many people. We reviewed the latest studies and official guidance to help Thai readers decide what works best for their households, amid Thailand’s long-running efforts to promote milk drinking and improve child nutrition.

A newly published study has raised alarms among parents, teachers, and health professionals by revealing a clear link between excessive screen time and increased heart health risks in children and adolescents. The research, released in early August 2025 in the Journal of the American Heart Association, adds crucial evidence to ongoing debates about digital device use among youth. As the ubiquity of smartphones, tablets, computers and game consoles continues to reshape how children and teens spend their days—including in urban and rural households across Thailand—doctors caution this is more than a question of eye strain or distraction: it’s about the lifelong health of a new generation.

A landmark study from leading U.S. researchers reveals a stark surge in ‘extremely severe’ obesity among American children over the past decade and a half, igniting alarm among health experts worldwide. Drawing on nationally representative health data, the study, published in JAMA Network Open, found the proportion of kids with the most extreme forms of obesity more than tripled between 2008 and 2023—a trend that poses urgent questions for public health both in the United States and in countries like Thailand where childhood obesity is a rising concern (Gizmodo).

In a groundbreaking finding that could reshape the way autism is diagnosed in young children, an international research team has discovered that, in toddlerhood, autism presents nearly identically among girls and boys. This revelation, published recently in Nature Human Behaviour and reported by Science News, challenges longstanding beliefs and provides hope for more accurate and inclusive early interventions.

The significance of this discovery lies in its potential to reduce gender-based disparities in autism diagnosis and treatment. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has historically been seen as affecting boys far more frequently—roughly four times as often as girls, according to global statistics (Science News). However, previous studies left uncertainty about whether the symptoms truly differ according to sex, or whether diagnostic criteria—often based on observations in boys—have contributed to underdiagnosis among girls.

In a sweeping new directive, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has announced plans to remove ingestible fluoride supplements for children from the market, raising concerns and debate among dental health professionals, policymakers, and parents worldwide. The move is driven by new scrutiny over the potential impact of systemic fluoride on children’s gut health and overall development, but it contradicts decades of dental best practices and global recommendations for caries prevention. As Thailand continues to battle high rates of childhood dental decay, this decision has important implications for local public health strategies.

Millions of children in the United States are diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and the vast majority are prescribed stimulant medications such as Ritalin and Adderall. However, a new wave of research reported by NPR and detailed in The New York Times Magazine raises pressing questions about the effectiveness and long-term consequences of these treatments, as well as the very nature of ADHD itself (NPR, 2025).

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) revealed last year that more than 11% of American children had received an ADHD diagnosis—a record high, and a dramatic increase from the early 1990s figure of just 2 million. In 14-year-old boys, the rate soars to 21%. These statistics portray a nation deeply invested in identifying—and medicating—children with ADHD. But why are diagnoses rising, and are treatments truly serving those diagnosed?

A recent case in the United States is raising alarm among health experts worldwide—including here in Thailand—after a controversial physician contracted measles yet continued to practice medicine, treating children who were never vaccinated against the highly infectious disease. The case, originally reported by Ars Technica, underscored the troubling intersection of vaccine hesitancy and public health, as well as the ongoing risks posed by declining immunization rates among children.

The incident involved an American doctor known for her opposition to vaccine mandates, who was diagnosed with measles after caring for unvaccinated pediatric patients during a local outbreak. Despite clear recommendations from health authorities that infected individuals remain isolated to avoid further transmission, the doctor allegedly kept treating her young patients—many of whom were especially vulnerable to the virus due to their unvaccinated status (source).