#Polio

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has expanded its Global Polio Alert, issuing Level 2 “Practice Enhanced Precautions” travel notices for five widely visited European countries after environmental surveillance found poliovirus in wastewater. The move does not close borders but urges travellers and health systems to check and update polio vaccination before travel, and highlights how wastewater surveillance is revealing silent spread of vaccine-derived polioviruses in places previously thought low-risk (CDC Travel Health Notices).

Polio safety guidance for Thai travellers has been updated. Health authorities now categorize five popular European destinations under Level 2 precautions after poliovirus was detected in wastewater. The message is clear: borders stay open, but travellers should review and update polio vaccination before leaving Thailand, and health systems should bolster immunity checks.

Polio remains a highly contagious disease that can cause permanent paralysis and, in severe cases, death. The current detections involve circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) found through wastewater monitoring in major European cities. Countries affected are ramping up vaccination campaigns and strengthening disease surveillance to prevent transmission. The goal is to reduce travellers’ risk of acquiring or exporting poliovirus and to prompt clinics and immunisation programs to close immunity gaps. Environmental signals are increasingly used as early warnings.

Billionaire philanthropist and global health advocate Bill Gates has voiced deep concerns over the rapidly growing anti-vaccine sentiment in the United States, warning that the spread of vaccine skepticism abroad could result in a greater loss of life in developing countries than within American borders. Speaking at a recent event in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Gates cautioned that exporting such unfounded fears threatens hard-won progress on preventing deadly diseases like measles and undermines decades of international public health achievements (STAT News).

A surge of anti-vaccine narratives originating abroad threatens Thailand’s hard-won public health gains. Global health leaders warn that misinformation travels quickly through social media, exploiting local concerns and undermining decades of progress in childhood vaccination. In Thailand, these dynamics risk reversing hard-won reductions in fever, paralysis, and infectious disease, placing thousands of Thai children at needless risk.

Thailand has achieved remarkable milestones in immunization, reducing measles deaths and maintaining polio-free status since 1995. These successes resulted from sustained investments in healthcare infrastructure, community education, and strong trust in vaccination programs. But imported misinformation now strains this foundation, spreading unfounded fears about vaccine safety and effectiveness that challenge local decision-making.

Thailand’s remarkable success in eliminating deadly childhood diseases faces an unprecedented threat from an unexpected source: the exportation of American anti-vaccine conspiracy theories that could unravel decades of public health progress and condemn thousands of Thai children to preventable deaths, according to urgent warnings from global health leaders including billionaire philanthropist Bill Gates. Speaking at a recent public health forum in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Gates delivered a stark assessment that vaccine skepticism originating in wealthy Western countries kills more children in developing nations than in the countries where these dangerous ideas first emerge, creating a global crisis that could reverse Thailand’s celebrated achievements in disease eradication and childhood mortality reduction.

The specter of polio, a disease once on the brink of global eradication, is looming large yet again as new reports from 2025 reveal troubling spikes in Afghanistan and Pakistan, compounded by global aid disruptions and vaccine skepticism1. For Thai readers, these developments sound an urgent warning: even diseases thought to be “conquered” can return if public health vigilance lapses, offering a stark lesson relevant to Thailand’s ongoing immunization efforts and pandemic preparedness.

Polio, once nearing global eradication, now faces renewed risk as reports from 2025 highlight spikes in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The disruptions to aid campaigns and rising vaccine skepticism threaten progress and offer a crucial lesson for Thailand’s immunization and pandemic preparedness.

Despite decades of effort, polio has never fully left the world. The latest warnings focus on Pakistan and Afghanistan—the last two nations with active wild polio transmission. In 2024, Pakistan saw a sharp rise in cases, while Afghanistan reported dozens of infections, underscoring how operational challenges and vaccination gaps persist. Early 2025 figures show continued, though smaller, case numbers, reminding health officials that the virus can rebound with the right conditions.