#Research

A new study has uncovered that people with an optimistic outlook actually share similar patterns of brain activity when imagining the future—a finding that may shed new light on why “positive thinking” often leads to social success and resilience. Conducted by researchers at Kobe University in Japan and published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the research used MRI scans to demonstrate that optimists tend to process future events using a shared neural framework, specifically in the medial prefrontal cortex, a region of the brain associated with future-oriented thought (The Guardian).

A recent article in The Economist has reignited debate over the effectiveness of probiotics, the so-called “good bacteria” marketed for everything from gut health to immune support. Behind attractive packaging and billion-baht marketing campaigns, probiotics promise to balance the thousands of microbial species living inside our intestines and promote overall wellness (The Economist). But does the latest research support these claims, and what does the science mean for Thai consumers who increasingly embrace probiotic supplements and drinks?

Probiotics are popular for gut health and immunity, but how strong is the science behind them? In Thailand, interest is rising as social media buzz, fermented foods, and an expanding probiotic market intersect with everyday diets. A 2025 Asia-Pacific trend report notes growing use of probiotic products in Thai households, from yogurt drinks to plant-based beverages and fortified cereals.

Experts warn that benefits are not universal. The impact of probiotics depends on the specific strain, dose, and a person’s health status. A comprehensive 2025 review shows that some probiotics may assist certain cancer treatments, immune function, and gastrointestinal health in specific contexts, but results vary. Claims about broad benefits, such as preventing eczema or common colds, are not consistently supported.

A new wave of scholarship challenges the idea that the United States once enjoyed a pristine age of health. The debate feeds public discourse and political messaging, including campaigns like “Make America Healthy Again.” Yet a careful review of history shows a more nuanced story where health advances came through persistent effort, not nostalgia.

The lure of a healthier past grows as concerns about chronic disease, ultra-processed foods, and health equity persist. Some argue that earlier dietary habits—before modern food processing—were inherently better. However, historians and nutrition researchers remind us that every era faced its own nutrition challenges. In the early 20th century, medical guidance varied widely. Some doctors endorsed three substantial meat-based meals daily, while early vegetarians and fitness advocates promoted lighter or plant-forward diets. Malnutrition, infectious diseases, and limited access to healthcare remained constant threats.

A simple change in walking pace could significantly extend independence for Thailand’s aging population. A Chicago study found that seniors who increased their walking cadence during exercise were more likely to improve endurance and resist frailty. The finding offers practical guidance for Thai communities where daily walks are common among older adults.

Frailty is a medical syndrome marked by muscle weakness, fatigue, slow movement, and reduced activity. It raises the risk of falls, disability, hospitalization, and loss of independence. Official data show Thailand’s population is aging rapidly, with more than 18 percent over 60 and about 15 percent of these individuals being frail or pre-frail. This growing burden underscores the need for accessible interventions that fit everyday life.

A groundbreaking new study suggests that simply increasing walking speed by 14 steps per minute could help older adults dramatically improve their physical abilities and maintain independence—a finding with significant implications for Thailand’s rapidly aging population. Researchers in Chicago discovered that seniors who walked just a little faster during exercise were far more likely to boost their walking endurance and stave off the debilitating effects of frailty, a condition that affects one in six Thais over age 60 (source).

A new wave of scholarship is challenging the common belief that America had a golden age of health—a notion recently revived by public figures such as the US Secretary of Health and Human Services, who has made headlines with the “Make America Healthy Again” campaign. This movement assumes that Americans were once notably healthier, but an in-depth look at historical records and leading expert analysis reveals a more complex—and less nostalgic—story (Bloomberg; New York Times).

A new study from an international team of researchers has uncovered a simple yet powerful eye contact trick that can instantly make someone appear more trustworthy. Published in the journal Royal Society Open Science, the findings suggest that it’s not just making eye contact that matters—it’s how and when you glance, lock eyes, and redirect your gaze that truly communicates intent and trustworthiness to others. This discovery holds implications for everything from everyday social encounters to the design of robots interacting with humans, raising questions about how such non-verbal cues are interpreted across different cultures, including Thailand.

The age-old debate over whether poor diet or insufficient exercise is the main culprit behind rising obesity rates has taken a new turn, with a major international study concluding that the overconsumption of calories — especially from ultra-processed foods — is far more responsible for obesity than a lack of physical activity. The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, analyzed an unprecedentedly diverse cohort and challenges assumptions long held in both public health messaging and everyday Thai life.

A groundbreaking new clinical trial has pinpointed a twice-weekly intermittent fasting regimen, commonly called the “5:2 diet,” as the most effective and sustainable strategy among three popular diets for improving blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity. The findings, presented at the ENDO 2025 conference in San Francisco, not only illuminate a promising approach for diabetes management but also have significant implications for Thailand, where diabetes rates are rising and dietary trends are keenly watched by both the medical community and the public.

A new clinical trial identifies the 5:2 intermittent fasting plan as the most effective and sustainable option among three popular diets for improving blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Presented at ENDO 2025 in San Francisco, the findings carry meaningful implications for Thailand, where diabetes is rising and dietary trends are closely watched by clinicians and the public.

Thailand faces a growing diabetes burden, with more than seven million people living with the condition as of 2023, many of them overweight or obese. The Thai Ministry of Public Health has long emphasized dietary modification as central to diabetes care, yet selecting an accessible and effective plan remains challenging. A Thai-focused summary of the study highlights the potential value of structured intermittent fasting within a comprehensive management approach.

A ubiquitous sugar substitute found in Thai supermarkets, bakeries, bubble tea shops, and increasingly in “health” products, erythritol, has emerged as a fresh concern for heart health. Recent scientific studies—including a major investigation led by the University of Colorado Boulder—reveal that consuming even a typical serving of erythritol may rapidly trigger changes in blood vessels and platelets that set the stage for heart attack and stroke. With sugar-free and “keto” diets growing in popularity across Thailand, these findings carry weighty implications for millions of Thai consumers who have long considered erythritol as a harmless alternative to sugar.

Supplements are often viewed in Thailand as convenient boosters for health, promising better skin, stronger muscles, or a shield against illness. But new research and warnings compiled by international health authorities show that misusing these products—often unwittingly—can quietly damage vital organs such as the liver and kidneys, with consequences that may only become apparent after years of harm (Times of India). As dietary supplement use grows across Thailand—especially among urban consumers, fitness enthusiasts, and the elderly—it is essential for the public to understand the hidden risks behind the glossy marketing claims.

Recent evidence is prompting a thoughtful reexamination of how often we eat, especially for Thai readers where food culture is central to daily life. The core question remains: does eating more than three meals daily help or hinder health? In Thailand, with its vibrant street-food scene and communal meals, the topic hits close to home.

Experts caution that no single answer fits everyone. Some research suggests small, frequent meals can curb appetite, prevent overeating, and sustain energy—benefits that may aid people with reflux or other digestive concerns. Yet there is a cautionary note: increasing meal frequency without mindful choices can backfire. Calorie-dense snacks and sugary treats can contribute to weight gain and disrupt natural hunger cues, potentially stressing the digestive system.

A new spotlight on how our meal frequency affects health has ignited debate among nutritionists and the public, following recently published research and expert commentary. The question—does eating more than three meals a day nurture or hinder our well-being?—is especially pertinent in Thailand, where traditional eating habits sometimes differ from Western norms.

Nutrition researchers and physicians have been exploring whether consuming more than three meals a day—sometimes in the form of frequent, small meals or “grazing”—delivers true health benefits or unintentionally undermines metabolic, digestive, or weight outcomes. The issue is complex, and the implications for Thai society—where bustling street food culture often promotes frequent snacking—are profound.

A groundbreaking new scientific discovery may pave the way for a “one-for-all” treatment capable of tackling some of the world’s most persistent incurable viral diseases, including HIV, Zika, herpes, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (notebookcheck.net). Announced this week by an international team of researchers, the study details how a new class of compounds can supercharge the body’s natural defenses, enabling cells to resist a wide range of viruses — a potential game changer eagerly followed by the global health community and holding special promise for Thailand, where several of those diseases remain public health concerns.

A major international study rethinks obesity by showing that excess calorie intake, not a lack of physical activity, primarily drives obesity in developed nations, including the United States. Published insights from the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences challenge decades of public health messaging that blamed sedentary lifestyles. The research points to the modern food environment as the real culprit behind the obesity epidemic.

Obesity remains a global health priority, including in Thailand, where the World Health Organization highlights risks such as Type 2 diabetes and heart disease. The study’s message shifts focus from inactivity to diet quality, suggesting what people eat matters more than how much they move.

A major international study reshapes how we understand obesity. The research shows that diet—especially ultra-processed foods—is the dominant factor in rising obesity rates worldwide, challenging the idea that sedentary lifestyles alone drive the trend. The findings highlight food quality and composition as key contributors across diverse populations, including urban Thai communities.

Data were gathered from more than 4,000 adults across 34 countries, using precise metabolic measurements to assess daily energy expenditure. After adjusting for body size, researchers found little difference in total daily calories burned between people in rich, industrialized nations and those leading physically demanding traditional lifestyles. In short, active workers in some settings burn roughly the same number of calories as office workers in wealthier countries when body mass is considered.

New global research shifts the focus from physical activity as the main driver of obesity to diet quality, highlighting the growing role of ultra-processed foods. For Thailand and other developing economies facing rising obesity, the findings advocate policy reform, nutrition education, and mindful everyday eating in homes and schools.

The study compares energy use in more than 4,000 adults across 34 settings, from hunter-gatherer communities in Africa to corporate environments in Europe. Using the doubly labeled water method, researchers measured daily energy expenditure linked to basic biology and activity. After accounting for body size, the results show similar calorie burn in industrialized societies and subsistence communities, challenging the idea that wealthier nations are inherently more sedentary.

A groundbreaking international study has toppled one of the most persistent beliefs about obesity: the idea that sedentary lifestyles in wealthy countries are chiefly to blame for the global epidemic of excess weight. Instead, new research published this week in the prestigious Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) points squarely at what we eat—particularly the prevalence of ultra-processed foods—as the dominant cause of rising obesity rates around the world (Washington Post).

A major international study is upending deeply held beliefs about obesity, concluding that excess calorie consumption—not a lack of physical activity—is the primary cause of the obesity epidemic in the United States and other developed nations. The findings, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) this week, suggest that decades of public health campaigns blaming sedentary behavior for rising obesity rates may be missing the real culprit: modern diets.

A sweeping international study published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) is challenging one of the most entrenched beliefs about obesity: that sedentary lifestyles in wealthy nations are the main culprit behind rising rates of overweight and obesity. Instead, the study points a much sharper spotlight at diet—specifically, the prevalence of ultra-processed foods—as the major driver of the global obesity crisis. As Thailand and other middle-income nations grapple with rising rates of obesity, these findings hold urgent implications for public health policies, education campaigns, and everyday choices at the dining table.

A new study from a leading German university explores how stress can both strengthen in-group bonds and increase hostility toward outsiders. Published in a major scientific journal, the research provides a neurobiological lens on why group conflicts persist and how polarization takes hold in Thai communities and beyond.

Researchers in comparative psychology, with clinical neuroscience support from a major hospital, conducted a psychopharmacological experiment. Participants were given a cortisol analog to simulate stress, a drug to raise noradrenaline, both compounds, or a placebo. They formed groups and competed in economic games with real financial stakes to mirror cooperation and rivalry in real life.

Groundbreaking research from Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf has illuminated the double-edged effects of stress: while it binds people more closely to their in-group, it simultaneously drives hostility toward perceived outsiders. Published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the findings provide a nuanced neurobiological perspective on why group conflicts—even when costly to all—remain so persistent worldwide. This research offers valuable insights into the psychological forces underpinning social divisions, with implications for Thai society and global communities navigating rising polarization.