#SouthAsianStudies

Thailand’s Buddhist culture instantly resonates with Jambudvipa, the Rose Apple Continent of Buddhist cosmology. This region, birthplace of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism, has long shaped spiritual thought across South and Southeast Asia. Understanding Jambudvipa’s religious climate helps Thai readers grasp the Buddha’s social world and the early development of Buddhist ideas that still influence Thailand’s practice and festivals.

The landscape of Jambudvipa is defined by pluralism and ongoing dialogue. Ancient India hosted a wide spectrum of beliefs—Vedic Brahmanism alongside countless non-Vedic traditions such as shamanism, animism, ancestor veneration, and ascetic paths. Thai scholars note how this diversity fostered reform movements around the 6th century BCE, including Buddhism and Jainism, which engaged with existing beliefs through discussion and critique. Research by Thai educational sources highlights how these exchanges shaped spiritual discourse across the region.

The Indian subcontinent, known in Buddhist cosmology as Jambudvipa (ชมพูทวีป), holds an influential role as the birthplace of several of the world’s most prominent religions, including Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism. For centuries, this region has been not only a land of diverse peoples and ancient civilizations but also the fertile ground where profound spiritual philosophies and ritual traditions emerged. Reflecting on the characteristics of religion in Jambudvipa is essential for understanding the origins and evolution of Buddhism, especially for Thai readers whose spiritual heritage has deep connections to this mystical land.